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Week 2, Year 2022

Review of 2021

I would like to wish you a very good year 2022 and the best health possible. I thank you for your interest in the ideas of FEDERAL EUROPE, for your support or for your remarks and comments.  

The beginning of the year is as usual the occasion to review the action of European countries and the European Union for the past year. This assessment concerns the 6 main areas of political life in Europe for the European citizens according to the Eurobarometers: 1/ the economic situation, 2/ international influence, 3/ the environment, 4/ health, 5/ security and 6/ immigration. 

1/ The economic situation of European countries has again deteriorated more than in most other regions of the world.

This is still mainly the consequence of the persistent coronavirus crisis and the lack of a European industrial policy. The European recovery plan remains insufficient, despite the intervention of the ECB, when compared to the American and Chinese recovery plans. Moreover, essentially national and local industrial policies are not capable of producing sufficient European champions and of effectively organizing research and innovation in Europe, despite some limited successes. 

As a result, production in the European Union grew in 2021 by only 5% after a decline of 7.6% in 2020, i.e. a decline of 2.6% for the period 2020-2021. In Germany the growth was 2.9% (after a decline of 4.6% in 2021) in France the growth was 6.3% (after a decline of 8%). In the United States, production growth in 2021 is 6% (after a decline of 3.4% in 2021), i.e. an increase of 2.6% for the two years. In Russia growth is 4.2% in 2021 (after a decline of 4.1%). In Turkey the growth reaches 9% (after a growth of 1.8% in 2021, but at the cost of too low interest rates that favor inflation) and in China the production increases by 8% (after an increase of 2.3% in 2021).In India the production increased by 9.5% in 2021 after a decline of 7.3% in 2020. (IMF figures).  

With a European federal government, the economic situation in Europe would be much better.  More European funding to support fragile economies through major European projects, a coherent European industrial policy and a mutualized research policy would make it possible to relaunch economic growth in Europe and avoid the technological downgrading of Europeans. 

The deteriorating economic situation in Europe also has social consequences. The weak European growth leads to a progressive deterioration of the standard of living of Europeans, to an increase in partial unemployment, and to a decrease in purchasing power. As local European governments are not subject to a federal European government capable of regulating market forces, the deteriorating economic situation also increases social and fiscal dumping in Europe.  Tax havens like Ireland continue to exist and the condition of the working poor in Germany has not yet improved. 


2/ The international influence of the European Union and the European countries has further decreased in the year 2021 in almost all regions and on almost all issues. This has serious consequences for exports, investments, security and the prestige of Europeans. 

Even if the international influence of the EU is not at the top of the concerns of European citizens, the influence of France for the French and the influence of Germany for the Germans remain important concerns, which therefore add to the expectations concerning the influence of the EU.   

The international influence of the European Union and European countries is decreasing first of all on a geopolitical level.  

In Ukraine, the Minsk 2 agreements are still not being respected and Russia is threatening to invade. It is the United States that ensures the protection of Ukraine with arms sales and instructors and by dissuading Russia thanks to NATO and the interoperability ensured by the integrated command of the Atlantic alliance. 

The EU, France and Germany are of course unable to protect Ukraine alone, which is necessary in order to allow this country to choose its diplomatic and military orientation freely. This free choice of Ukraine is necessary especially in view of the Russian policy of aggression in Crimea and in the east of Ukraine.  

A European federal government could create a European army capable of protecting Ukraine. It would also be able to guarantee the implementation of the EU-Ukraine Association Agreement for its economic part, while allowing a political and economic rapprochement of Ukraine with Russia on a fair and voluntary basis. 

The EU and the European countries are still very much divided on how to deal with Russia regarding economic cooperation (Nord Stream N 2), European political interference in Russia, the degree of European influence in the countries of the former USSR, the issue of NATO expansion and the level of risk posed by Russia. They are therefore not credible partners for Russia. As a result, Russia remains focused on China and sees Europe as a weakened and divided area that the US cannot defend forever and whose only policy is the end of Russia as a power. 

Only the European federal government can induce Russia to detach itself from China and move closer to Europe. 

The influence of France and the EU is declining in North Africa and the Middle East. Turkey, supported by the USA and Russia, is increasing its influence in all these areas. A European federal government would have the means to influence Turkey to conclude a mutual defense agreement to promote European interests in the Middle East and Central Asia.  

The influence of the EU and European countries is almost non-existent in Iran, Pakistan and India. Trade and security agreements with Iran and Pakistan are concluded by China. India continues to be isolated by Chinese policy in Burma, Nepal, Bhutan, Bangladesh, Maldives, Sri Lanka, Pakistan and on the Sino-Indian border. It is the USA that is developing military cooperation with India. 

Only a European federal government would have the means to carry out a policy of investment and military cooperation with these countries to prevent China from dominating the Eurasian super continent and to replace or complement the influence of the USA in this area. 

European influence is also diminishing in Africa to the benefit of China and Russia, especially in economic matters but also in military cooperation, especially in Kenya, Mali, DRC, Tanzania, Angola and in African regional security organizations. Only a European government can confront China and its Russian ally in Africa, which seeks to secure its energy and mineral supplies.  

The international influence of the European Union and the European countries is still decreasing in geo-economic terms. 

However, the European Commission's Global Gateway project to invest in and develop high-quality infrastructure around the world, to complement and compete with the Chinese New Silk Roads and, to a lesser extent, the American B3W, should be mentioned.

But the Global Gateway project will not have sufficient public funds to finance investments in countries that are not always creditworthy according to IMF criteria but which are of great geopolitical interest, such as Egypt, Iran and Pakistan. Moreover, the Global Gateway project will not have the support of a European diplomacy and army, which will not allow it to impose itself in many important countries.  

The EU has been forced to grant the U.K. access to its internal market without any obligation to abide by EU rules, which puts it in a weak position in the face of Eurosceptic forces in Eastern Europe in particular and sets a dangerous precedent that may lead other European countries to leave the EU.   

The EU has concluded an investment agreement with China in 2020 that is a step in the right direction but is far from being adopted by the European Council and the European Parliament, given the divisions between European countries on this issue.   

Only a federal European government could negotiate on equal terms with China to facilitate European exports to China, to protect strategic European companies but also to quickly put in place an embargo against Chinese products that profit from the forced labour of Uyghurs.  

The EU and European countries are still not able to respond to US legal and trade sanctions properly, especially after the extraterritorial sanctions against Iran that prevent European companies from working in that country. 

Only a European government that is independent of the US for its defense could retaliate and thus dissuade the US from taking trade sanctions against Europe.

3/ The decline in the intensity of the coronavirus crisis in 2021 has led to an increase in CO2 emissions of 30% compared to 2020 (source IEA)

The electrification of cars and heating systems in Europe is still very slow. Moreover, coal and gas continue to be used massively in 2021. The EU's environmental objectives are therefore unlikely to be met.

The reform of the Common Agricultural Policy in 2020 is unsatisfactory because of the lack of funding to clean up agricultural production. Furthermore, the food industry is still not properly regulated in Europe, despite useful efforts announced by the German Minister of Agriculture. This still leads to an increase in diabetes and health care costs. 

Only a European federal government could initiate the massive electrification of the economy through massive European infrastructure programs and clean up the food supply in Europe by strongly encouraging all European countries to act decisively. 

4/ The quality of the health system in Europe in 2021 remains insufficient because some countries still do not invest enough (Ireland, Slovenia...) or invest badly (France with hospitals still too small and administrative health staff still too large).

This can have serious consequences for all Europeans because the European zone is an integrated health zone given the single European market and the intensity of commercial and human exchanges in Europe. 

In 2020 the member states of the European Union decided to entrust the purchase of vaccines against the coronavirus to the European Commission in order to have a greater purchasing power. This is a step in the right direction. But since the European Commission is not elected and is not accountable, and since local European states intervene to direct its action, the effectiveness of the European Commission is poor. 

Only a federal European government could act effectively to protect the health of Europeans. And only a federal European government that is accountable to its voters and to its population could have a truly effective medical purchasing policy.  


5/ Security in Europe in 2020 was further penalized by the absence of a European intelligence service even though there were no notable terrorist acts in Europe. Terrorism was also absent in the USA, China, Russia and India.    

The absence of a European intelligence service makes it much easier for terrorists to act, because the internal security services of each European country do not have all the elements to identify terrorist groups. 

Only a European federal government could create a European intelligence service and could lead a European diplomacy to eradicate terrorism on European soil. 

6/ The European borders have not been protected against illegal immigration in 2021. 

European countries are each defending their own electoral interests. They are therefore not capable of distributing illegal immigrants among themselves and of putting in place a single procedure that guarantees the expulsion of those who do not obtain the right to asylum.  It is Greece and Italy that have to protect their borders and manage the refugees, while the refugees are mainly looking for Germany, the Benelux countries and France. 

It is therefore not in the interest of Italy and Greece to stop illegal immigrants. This explains why, despite the efforts of Frontex, the number of refugees in Europe in 2021 will still be much higher than in the USA, Russia or India.  

Only a European government could protect the European borders and reduce illegal immigration significantly.

In addition to this European balance sheet for 2021, all Eurobarometers still show a much higher level of satisfaction with the ECB than with the EU. This is due to the federal and therefore efficient character of the ECB, whereas the EU is an often inefficient confederal structure. 

The time has come to create a European Federal Republic, starting with a Franco-German Federal Republic, responsible for defense, diplomacy, industry, research and the environment. 
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While 30% of the French and Germans are in favor of the establishment of a European federal government, and 30% are against it, some leaders in France and Germany still refuse this solution. This is due to their lack of vision, their lack of competence and their lack of political courage. This penalizes all European citizens and harms their economic and security interests. ​


Week 50, Year 2021

The German coalition agreement and European federalism in France

The German SPD, Greens and FDP have approved the coalition contract negotiated by the leaders of these political parties and Olaf Scholz has become Chancellor.

This coalition contract specifies that it is necessary to move towards the creation of a European federal state, either by increasing the European Parliament's own resources and powers, or with a group of European countries wishing to progress along this path.
This federalist will of the German government is an important step forward that must be echoed by the French, in order to create a European government, a European army, a European diplomacy and a European industrial policy. These four instruments are essential to make Europe effective and to prevent Europeans from falling behind.

What is President Macron's position on this subject as France takes over the EU presidency? Will the French president, who presents himself as a supporter of "European unity" and an advocate of a "powerful" and "fully sovereign" Europe, give concrete expression to his convictions by making a statement in favour of the German government's federalist intentions? It is necessary that he finally commit France, in principle, to the European federalist path, because this is the only reasonable path for France's future, for strategic as well as economic reasons.    

Some people believe that this will diminish his chances of re-election. But it is the far-right voters who will never vote for Emmanuel Macron who are fiercely opposed to federalism. Voters on the right, center and left are either in favour of or indifferent to a European federalist perspective for France. 
 
It is interesting to note that it is left-wing and center parties in Germany that have adopted this principled federalist position.  The question now is whether this declaration of principle will be followed in the short or medium term by a concrete project to move towards a federal state. This concrete project must necessarily take the form of a Franco-German federal republic with limited competencies, since a federal state with 27 states cannot be created in Europe at once and since the European Parliament cannot impose its authority on national parliaments.  

Perhaps the right wing will be more capable of giving concrete expression to European federalism by assuming an approach initially limited to France and Germany and by defending a European presidential regime, which is necessary to convince voters of the solidity and effectiveness of future European federal institutions. 
This would not be surprising. It was the German left in 1848 that initially wanted German federal unity, and the conservatives opposed it to preserve the sovereignty of their local nations. This was the case, for example, with the Prussian conservatives who sat in the Prussian National Assembly. They criticized the federalism of the liberal German parliamentarians and the democratic German parliamentarians in the German National Assembly in Frankfurt. 
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But the left demanded a constitutional monarchy of the parliamentary type for all of Germany at the same time. So it was the German conservatives who were finally able to realize German federalism in 1871 through a gradual geographical process based on a constitution with a strong executive.  It should be added that the left is not very comfortable with the concept of the nation today. To create a federal state, however, the consent of the people and indisputable political legitimacy are required. It will therefore be necessary to explain to the people that Europe constitutes a great nation that brings together local European nations.


Week 49, Year 2021

Xinjiang, the USA and Europe

Dear European citizen, dear member, dear supporter,

The policy of mass detention, forced labor and forced sterilization conducted by the Chinese government in Xinjiang is totally contrary to human rights. Some even consider these practices to be cultural genocide and are alarmed at the rapidly changing ethnic proportions in the province.

The Chinese government claims that it is fighting Islamist terrorism, which struck in Beijing and Xijiang a few years ago. But terrorism is always the product of a violent and militant minority. Fighting terrorism is therefore intelligence and police work against groups that advocate or condone terrorism. This has nothing to do with mass detention and forced labor of the population. In reality, Beijing is using the pretext of terrorism to reduce the Uighur identity, which is considered too powerful, and to combat Uighur separatism.

If we can understand the Chinese fight against Uyghur separatism, we cannot accept the Chinese policy of collective repression of Uyghurs. Fighting separatism means dissolving and fighting separatist political groups. It is not a policy of attacking family structures, fighting cultural traditions and disrupting social organization through home surveillance, sterilization and forced labor. 

The US has rightly condemned China's practices in Xinjiang. The EU and most European countries have done the same but this is not enough to change China's practices. An embargo on goods from forced labor has been established by the US and the Europeans must also move quickly in this direction.

The EU and European countries should also urge Muslim countries and countries with which they have important ties to condemn Chinese practices in Xinjiang to ensure that Beijing only fights terrorism and separatism by police and administrative means. This will allow the Uyghurs to practice their language and to know their history, traditions and religion. 

It would also be desirable for the Uyghurs to enjoy real autonomy and thus for their province to be truly administered locally, except for questions of defense, diplomacy and economic policy, which must remain the responsibility of Beijing and the Chinese Communist Party.   

With a European Federal Republic, Europeans would be more powerful and more united, and therefore less subject to Chinese pressure in this matter. They would therefore be able to take a firm stand against China on this issue, which today is far from being the case, as Chinese pressure is exerted against certain financially fragile or commercially dependent European countries. 


Week 48, Year 2021

Japan, the USA and Europe 

Dear European citizen, dear member, dear supporter,

Japan is the main ally of the US in Asia and an important trading partner for the US 

Japan's foreign policy and defense are under American control through the Japanese constitution which limits the armed forces to self-defense, through its renunciation of nuclear weapons and because of the American bases in Japan. 

American protection is fully accepted by the population. Nevertheless, some left and center parties believe that a more independent and neutral policy should be adapted, especially with regard to China, because economic relations with China have grown massively and will grow further.

If South Korea comes under Chinese influence, as is likely in the long run, Japan's economic dependence on China will increase. And a Chinese invasion will become theoretically possible from South Korea.

Of course, such an invasion would be very costly and risky, and the U.S. could support and reinforce the Japanese forces quite easily. On the other hand, a blockade of Japan would become much easier, and would be an effective pressure tool.  

It is therefore likely that in the long term Japan will adopt, under pressure from Beijing, a more balanced policy towards China, sliding towards a certain neutrality coupled with a strong capacity to defend its territory, rather like Switzerland in Europe until 1945. 

What should Europeans do in the face of this development?

Not to oppose the possible Sino-Japanese rapprochement, if China favors European commercial and strategic interests. Europeans should also oppose the massive rearmament of Japan, which cannot change the balance of power in Asia and which will provoke the hostility of other Asian countries, notably the two Koreas, if this rearmament is contrary to European interests.   

But given the military weakness of Europeans, their political divisions and their dependence on the United States for their security, this policy is out of reach for Paris, Berlin and Brussels. Only a European Federal Republic capable of ensuring its own defense without the help of the USA could conduct such a policy and could properly defend European interests in this matter. 

The time has come to create a European Federal Republic, starting with a Franco-German Federal Republic, responsible for defense, diplomacy, industry, research and the environment. 
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While 30% of the French and Germans are in favor of the establishment of a European federal government, and 30% are against it, the leaders in France and Germany still refuse this solution. This is due to their lack of vision, their lack of competence and their lack of political courage. This penalizes all European citizens and harms their economic and security interests. 


Week 47, year 2021

Korea, the USA and Europe


The denuclearization of the Korean peninsula coupled with a pacification mechanism by reducing the armaments of the two Koreas thanks to the gradual convergence of the economies constitutes a realistic path for the future of the region.

To move forward on the path of denuclearization, a declaration of end of war would be welcome as North Korea claims to have nuclear weapons to deter a new American attack, the massive bombing of which during the Korean War has not been forgotten.

Once denuclearization and dialogue have been reestablished on the Korean peninsula, the two Korean states will remain independent and separate for a long time to come. But they could embark on intensive and lasting economic, commercial or even military cooperation. If a reduction in the North Korean military threat is obtained in exchange for security guarantees given by the US, this could lead the South Koreans and North Koreans to engage in an even faster process of pacification and convergence.

China by its importance for Korean exports and imports (for the North as for the South) and by its capacity of military pressure can favor this process, which is probable in the long term. Indeed, the South Koreans do not intend to initiate a rapprochement with Japan to the detriment of China Given the trauma left by the Japanese occupation. And the United States probably cannot, given its public opinion, fully engage with massive conventional means in a new Korean War that does not concern its vital interests, even if American interests in Korea are important. Finally, the South Korean government and the USA can hardly authorize the use of American nuclear weapons to restore the military balance of power given the existential risk for South Korea and the risk for the American bases in the Pacific.

For these reasons, China could gradually become the main arbiter of Korean policy and gradually become the main ally of the two Korean states. In addition, China's economic interdependence with the Korean peninsula will be strengthened by the RCEP free trade agreement signed in 2020, in particular between China, South Korea and Japan.

What should Europeans do in this situation?

The Europeans must continue to sanction North Korea because of its nuclear program while being ready to invest in this country if it abandons this program and approaches South Korea. But given their divisions, the Europeans cannot conduct an industrial and commercial policy adapted to defend their interests properly against South Korea and tomorrow against North Korea. The Europeans cannot adopt an independent position from the US on the Korean question either, given their diplomatic weakness.
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With a European Federal Republic, it would be possible to conduct an industrial policy to compete effectively with Korean products. It would also be possible to resist American pressures to be able to engage in an independent policy on the Korean question to better defend European geo-economic, geostrategic and geopolitical interests or to strengthen multilateralism when it is useful.

Week 46, Year 2021 

The China Sea, the USA and Europe

China and Russia are cooperating intensively in the economic, military, diplomatic and technological fields. It is therefore important to know what should be the attitude of Europeans towards China on major issues in order to be able to influence Russian policy, especially in Belarus. Indeed, Russia, for example, is doing nothing to stop the aggressive and intentional organization of migratory flows by Belarus to Poland, which constitutes a disproportionate response to the European economic and diplomatic sanctions against Minsk.

In the China Sea, Beijing is claiming almost all the islets, to strengthen its naval and air domination over its neighbors and to benefit from maritime mining and fishing resources. For their part, the other riparian countries (Vietnam, Philippines, Taiwan, Brunei, Malaysia, Japan) claim the islets which are close to their coasts.

These countries are trying to maintain their autonomy and their maritime interests vis-à-vis China by seeking the support of the United States, but they cannot provoke Beijing for reasons of deep economic interdependence and very marked military inferiority.

The Haie Arbitration Court considers that there is no tangible proof of a historical sovereignty of China over all the islets of the China Sea capable of legitimizing Pekin's claims But economic dependence riparian countries towards China and the relative military weakness of the countries of the region compared to Beijing is accentuated. The militarization of the islets occupied by Beijing by force, in particular against Vietnam in the Spratley Islands, will therefore continue.

The United States and its allies can hardly attempt to slow this process down, and the eventual reunification of Taiwan will allow the People's Republic of China to strengthen its military and diplomatic hold in the area dramatically, which will increase its military and economic influence over the United States. countries in the region.

But as long as Taiwan has not been attached to China, this area will remain contested for a long time and China will not have the means to achieve control over the entire China Sea. If the United States manages to delay the reunification of Taiwan and not lose face during this reunification, the Chinese stranglehold in the China Sea could be further slowed down.

What should Europeans do in the face of this situation?

Given their political division and their military weakness, the Europeans are too weak to intervene and cannot oppose China or the US on this issue and in this region.

On the other hand, a European Federal Republic could conduct a naval policy and an effective diplomacy in particular to obtain from China and the USA trade and security concessions in Africa as well as geoeconomic advantages in return for their policy towards the countries bordering the sea. from China.

The time has come to create a European Federal Republic, starting with a Franco-German Federal Republic, responsible for defense, diplomacy, industry, research and the environment.
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While 30% of the French and Germans are in favor of the establishment of a European federal government, and 30% are against, the leaders in France and Germany still refuse this solution. This is due to their lack of vision, their lack of competence and their lack of political courage. This penalizes all European citizens and undermines their economic and security interests.

Week 45, Year 2021

Taiwan, the USA and Europe 

The Chinese government wants to reattach to mainland China the island that served as a refuge for Chinese nationalist forces in 1949.

China believes that Taiwan should be reunited with its territory, willingly or by force if necessary, especially if Taiwan declares independence.

For the USA, this connection must be done on a voluntary basis. And they are ready to provide the Taiwanese with the means to defend themselves against an invasion or against a Chinese blockade. They could also intervene militarily in these 2 cases.

Diplomatically, the US cannot both refuse to recognize Taiwan as an independent state, as it has done since the Taiwan Relations Act by refusing to establish diplomatic relations with Taiwan, and deny China the right to reunite that state. State to its territory, possibly by force.

An internal evolution of Taiwan towards independence could offer a solution to the USA but this is not politically and territorially acceptable for Beijing, which was then very probably using force. In reality the Americans had for 32 years, from 1980 to 2000, the military, economic and diplomatic superiority to be able to support the independence of Taiwan. They didn't and today it's a fight that is no longer relevant.

Militarily, the ability of the US and its allies to defend Taiwan without resorting to nuclear weapons is dwindling day by day.
 
It is very unlikely that the United States will commit its nuclear weapons, to defend territory which is not vital for its national security and which only allows it to maintain its influence and its system of alliance in the Far East. Even between nuclear powers, a conflict does not generally evolve towards the use of weapons of mass destruction as long as vital interests are not concerned. The Korean War in which the Soviet pilots were involved did not start a nuclear war. The border conflict between the USSR and China did not start a nuclear war. The Soviet government was not ready in 1962 to defend Cuba with its nuclear weapons and therefore withdrew the missiles from Cuba. Several limited clashes and localized wars have pitted China and India since these two powers possessed nuclear weapons, which is also the case for Pakistan and India.

There remains, however, the possibility for the USA to cover up with tactical nuclear weapons to restore the balance of power in their favor in the Taiwanese theater of operations. If the Chnois let it be known that this will result in a proportionate nuclear response on their part against Guam or other US bases in the Pacific, the US is unlikely to embark on this adventure.

Conventionally, the United States and its allies will very soon be greatly outclassed in the Taiwan and China Sea sector on land, at sea, under the sea and in the air. They will also be caught up by China in space and for cyber. In addition, China already has superiority in missiles and human intelligence. This makes possible a Chinese blockade of the island or an invasion of the island through a secure maritime corridor and through a protected exclusion zone around Taiwan.

Politically, American public opinion is today 50% in favor of American intervention to defend Taiwan. With the first losses and the first difficulties, this number will probably increase. Given the American politico-media system, this will weigh heavily on American strategic choices in Asia, which will then probably be reassessed, as they have been in Korea, Vietnam, and Afghanistan. Taiwan does not represent a vital stake for the USA, unlike Germany and Western Europe for which they are ready to actively engage in order to prevent this area from coming under the control of a hostile power.

What should Europeans do in this situation?

It is in the interest of Europeans to stay out of this conflict in which they have nothing to gain and for which a nuclear confrontation remains possible. It is also not in the interests of Europeans to export or defend non-presidential democracy in Asia, in particular if this leads to weakening the diplomatic position of Europeans in relation to China.

In addition, the Europeans are not in a position to defend Taiwan given their geographic remoteness and their military weakness. They cannot therefore change the course of events in the Far East even if they can implement economic sanctions whose scope remains limited and whose effects are double-edged.

On the other hand, with a militarily and diplomatically powerful European Federal Republic, the Europeans could play  a more important military and diplomatic role in Asia, in particular to encourage the Americans and the Chinese to get along as the British and the Chinese have agreed for Hong Kong. Such a solution would require efforts not only from the Americans but also from the Chinese. Indeed, the reunification of Taiwan with China could be postponed by several decades in order to be subject to a very gradual political process accompanied by local internal security guarantees intended to preserve the Taiwanese institutional system to which the local population is attached.

Week 44, Year 2021

The European energy problem


Rising electricity and gas prices across Europe are threatening social stability and economic recovery. This increase cruelly highlights the lack of efficiency of energy policy in Europe despite the efforts of the European Commission.

Moreover, the EU and the European countries are not able to agree on the course of action to be taken immediately: should we build up stocks of natural gas? Or should we simply subsidize consumers while waiting for the end of the rise in energy prices?

In reality, building up gas stocks or subsidizing consumers does not make it possible to correct a lastingly compromised energy situation, even if it is better than nothing.

Indeed, the energy situation in Europe is deeply worrying in all areas:

Firstly the prices: they are high for electricity and energy compared to the USA is worsened by the rise in the price of gas and oil and by the increase in European and world demand linked to technological developments. This weakens growth and living standards in Europe
Second, energy dependence on the outside: it is aggravated by the lack of investment in infrastructure. This places European countries and the EU in a weak position vis-à-vis Russia and the USA in particular.
Third, the high share of fossil fuels: this significant share is further increased by the phasing out of nuclear power in Germany. This discredits the European position concerning the reduction of CO2 emissions and the reduction of pollution.

This very bad situation is first of all the result of the inconsistency of energy resources in Europe. Production capacities are dispersed between nuclear, coal, wind, solar and biomass, therefore with increased costs. Purchases are made by each of the European states without coordination, which makes it difficult to negotiate under good conditions with exporters such as Russia, North Africa and the Middle East.

It is then the consequence of the lack of investment at the level of the single market for transport, industry and heating. This slows down the electrification of heating and transport networks, increases pollution and degrades Europe's energy dependence.

The dispersion of resources and skills between the 27 member countries of the EU + the European Commission, which make it impossible for the EU to put in place a coherent and therefore effective energy policy. Energy policy is the primary responsibility of each state and it cannot be pooled on a long-term basis without the will to build a European federation.

Only a European Federal Republic, in charge of industrial issues and therefore energy issues, can therefore be able to conduct a coherent energy production, purchase and investment policy in Europe to protect consumers and manufacturers.
The time has come to create a European Federal Republic, starting with a Franco-German Federal Republic, responsible for defense, diplomacy, industry, research and the environment.
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While 30% of French and Germans are in favor of the establishment of a European federal government, and 30% are against, leaders in France and Germany still refuse this solution. This is due to their lack of vision, their lack of competence and their lack of political courage. This penalizes all European citizens and undermines their economic and security interests.

Week 43, Year 2021

L'après Covid  et la pérennité de la zone euro


On insiste beaucoup sur les subventions accordées aux pays débiteurs pour soutenir leur croissance et leurs finances publiques pendant la pandémie du Coronavirus. Ces transferts sont importants pour éviter une  récession dans les pays débiteurs qui impacterait nécessairement le reste de l'Europe, et pour  dissuader les investisseurs de délaisser la dette des pays débiteurs, ce qui entraînerait une hausse des taux et une nouvelle crise de la zone euro.

Si le green deal mis en place par la commission européenne sous l'impulsion de la France et de l'Allemagne  a permis d'éviter une nouvelle crise de la dette souveraine en Europe, il ne permet pas de traiter le problème de fond de la zone euro, à savoir  la divergence  financière et économique croissante entre pays créditeurs créditeurs du nord et pays débiteurs du sud.

Avec  la pandémie du Covid 19 qui a très durement frappé l'économie en Europe,  cette divergence s'est accrue dans  4 domaines économiques essentiels: le niveau d'endettement, la croissance moyenne, la balance commerciale et le pouvoir d'achat. 

Cette divergence existe depuis la création de la zone euro et des mesures ont été  prises pour réduire cette divergence, notamment par l'incitation des investisseurs privés via le plan Juncker à investir dans les pays du Sud et par l'achat massif de dette grecque par la BCE. Ces mesures ont largement échoué en raison de l'incapacité des acteurs privés à modifier les tendances macro économiques de fond et avec la fuite des investisseurs devant la dette grecque en raison du risque d 'insolvabilité grecque. 

Cette divergence persistante et croissante conduit les pays créditeurs à exiger des réformes de la part des pays du Sud, à demander une réduction des déficits de ces pays et à réclamer une politique plus restrictive de la BCE en menaçant parfois de sortir de la zone euro si leurs créances ne sont pas sécurisées grâce á ces mesures 

Elle conduit aussi à un mécontentement social dans les pays débiteurs du sud car  des régions entières se désindustrialise et perdent du pouvoir d'achat dans ces pays en raison de la concurrence de l'Allemagne et des pays du Nord. Ceci provoque au sud la volonté de s'affranchir des règles budgétaires, d'exiger des transferts, de refuser les réformes  voire de sortir de la zone euro. 

Ces deux mouvements en direction opposés dans au Nord et au sud de l'Europe conduiront nécessairement à une augmentation des tensions au sein de l'UE, à son inefficacité croissante, a sa paralysie,et  à son délitement. Ils peuvent aussi conduire à l'éclatement  de la zone euro, avec des conséquences économiques et financières désastreuses.

Si on ajoute ála fracture économique Nord Sud la fracture politique Est ouest en Europe liée à des appréciations différentes au sujet de la définition de l'Etat de droit, qui conduisent également á l'inefficacité et á la paralysie de l'UE, on comprend pourquoi l'UE est en réalité un système d'organisation dépassé et inefficace, même si il reste utile.


Il est nécessaire de passer à l'étape suivante de la construction européenne en créant une République fédérale européenne, franco-allemande pour commencer, afin de pérenniser la zone euro et afin de mettre fin aux dissensions sur l'État de droit. En effet, seul un Etat fédéral dispose de la légitimité politique et des moyens budgétaires et militaires pour faire régner un ordre juridique pleinement légitime et pour rendre impossible une sortie de sa zone monétaire.   


Le temps est venu de créer une République fédérale européenne, en commençant par une République fédérale franco-allemande,  responsable pour la défense, la diplomatie, l'industrie, la recherche et l'environnement. 

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Alors que 30% des français et des allemands sont favorables à la mise en place d'un gouvernement fédéral européen, et que 30% sont contre, les dirigeants en France et en Allemagne refusent toujours cette solution. Ceci est dû à leur manque de vision, à leur manque de compétence et à leur manque de courage politique. Ceci pénalise tous les citoyens européens  et porte atteinte à leurs intérêts économiques et sécuritaires. 

Week 42, Year 2021

The rule of law and Eastern Europe

On October 7, 2021, the Polish Constitutional Court declared that the 3 main articles founding the primacy of European law over national law are contrary to the Polish constitution.

This decision should allow the Polish government, which has gradually placed the Constitutional Court under its influence, to delegitimize European decisions which sanction Poland financially, in particular for failure to respect the principle of independence of the judiciary.
But as the Polish Constitutional Court is not regularly composed, this decision will have very little influence on European judges and will not impress much on European public opinion.

And this decision will not prevent the European Council from taking measures of financial sanctions which are foreseen and which are theoretically justified given the extent of the attack on the independence of the judiciary in Poland.

However, European judges, the European Commission, Parliament and Council also have a responsibility in this case.

Indeed, the European Union is not a State and does not have a strong political legitimacy. It cannot therefore interfere in the constitutional principles and in the choices of society of European countries, beyond what can achieve consensus in these countries. The principles evoked by the Treaty on European Union and in the Charter of Fundamental Rights of the European Union are fully desirable, but their application must take into account social realities and be moderate.

In fact, in certain European countries, in particular in the Eastern European countries, certain points such as the degree of protection of minorities, the degree of pluralism or the nature of the independence of the judiciary are the subject of intense debate. On these particular points, which have consequences for the effectiveness of public action, we are not afraid to impose a legal order that does not have wide acceptance in societies.

A European Federal Republic will be able to make the necessary synthesis between the political culture of Western and Eastern Europe thanks to the feeling of European belonging provided by its existence. And only a European Federal Republic will have the legitimacy and political authority to settle the delicate questions relating to the degree of protection of minorities, the type of pluralism and the nature of judicial organization.


Week 41, Year 2021

European integration of the Balkans

The EU-Balkans summit should strengthen the membership prospects of the 6 Balkan countries which are not members of the EU: Bosnia, Montenegro, Kosovo, North Macedonia, Serbia and Albania. 

It is indeed necessary to accelerate and concretize this process even if all the Copenhagen criteria necessary to integrate the EU are not exactly fulfilled by these countries. Strengthening ties with these European countries is more important than waiting for perfect democratization in a region, namely southern and western Europe, whose political culture remains somewhat different from that of Western Europe. the west

Without rapid European integration, these countries will be more and more subject to non-European influences, particularly Russian and Chinese, which weakens the European position vis-à-vis these powers and which will create an area of ​​economic uncertainty with a strategic and military risk. in the heart of Europe.

Unfortunately, given the modalities of the EU enlargement process, which requires the consent of all member countries, the chances of bringing these countries quickly into the Union are low. It will therefore be necessary to develop as much as possible trade exchanges, investments, tourist visas, study visas and work visas as well as police and military cooperation thanks to the action of the EU and European countries, especially Germany and France. In particular, it is necessary to gradually integrate the Balkan countries into the European internal market and into the Schengen area.It is necessary to stabilize this region by offering a perspective different from that of nationalism which has triggered 4 wars in the Balkans since 1991.

The integration of the 6 Blakans countries into the EU would be greatly facilitated if there was a Franco-German Federal Republic. On the one hand, this European federal government would have the capacity to convince the other European countries to accept the accession of the Balkan countries to the EU, given the credibility of its military power and given its overwhelming economic weight. in Europe. On the other hand, a European federal government would be able to strengthen the attractiveness of the EU for these countries because Europe would no longer be just a market and rules of law. It would also become a power which gives collective meaning and which guarantees the future of populations.

Without the constitution of a credible European power, Europeans in the Balkans, but also those in the rest of Europe will increasingly turn to credible but non-European countries such as the USA, China or Russia to ensure their prosperity. and their safety. This will gradually lead to the division of Europeans, the gradual disintegration of the EU and the resurgence of their rivalries.


Week 40, year 2021

The result of the German elections and Euroconservatism

The German parliamentary elections have given a narrow majority to the Social Democrats who are able to form a coalition government. This narrow majority confirmed the slow but steady decline of the German conservatives. In 2013, they won 41% of the vote, in 2017 they obtained 32.9% of the vote and in 2021 they won 24.1% of the vote.

This decline is mainly the result of AFD's breakthrough since 2013. This anti-European and xenophobic party has managed to attract some of the conservative voters, rightly worried by the crisis in the euro zone and the influx of refugees. .

It is also the result of the strengthening of the liberals by right-wing voters. Indeed, these voters note the absence of a reasonable political offer based on cultural, economic and military strength. They are therefore gradually rallying to the ideas of the Liberals, or even to the ideas of the Social Democrats or the Greens.

This situation prevents the Conservatives from obtaining an absolute majority and causes them to lose the elections. This forces them to form a coalition government with the Greens or with the Social Democrats or it pushes them out of power. The negative effects of this new political situation are clear: the reduction in the coherence and strength of the German federal government's action, particularly in energy, digital, industrial and defense matters since 2013.

While the right-wing parties are in the majority in Germany, the CDU-CSU is less and less present in responsibilities due to its inability to obtain an absolute majority of seats in the Bundestag because of the AFD and, to a lesser extent, because of the FDP.

So under these conditions, how should the German conservatives envisage their future?

To answer this question, we must know how to recover the lost Conservative voters among the nationalists and the liberals.

AFD voters are attached to sovereignty and power, in particular through Germany's financial hegemony and Germany's control of its borders. They were disappointed by the growing financial irresponsibility in the euro zone which weakens Germany and by the inability of the European Union to protect its borders due to its political and territorial division.

To win back the majority of these voters, who voted for a long time for the CDU, the German conservatives must propose a European sovereignty capable of creating a European financial and military power responsible for its management and independent of the USA. Such a power must necessarily be endowed with a strong political authority and an assumed civilizational identity. It is therefore a Euroconservative program based on the creation of the European Federal Republic.

This program and its Euroconservative values ​​will gradually marginalize AFD because its unrealistic program centered on nostalgia for German power is not Coptic credible given the German dependence on the single market. a real European power, the nostalgia for independent German power will fade and lose its appeal to the voters.

This Euroconservative program will also make it possible to rally the conservative voters lost among the liberals because of the absence of a credible and reasonable sovereignist program, that is to say because of the absence of a European sovereignist program.

The notion of European power also has the advantage of strengthening the mobilization of conservative voters, who are overwhelmingly attached to the identity and power of Europe.

Obviously Euroconservatism supposes moving away from the traditional Atlanticism of the CDU in matters of security and defense, which is necessary since the USA no longer has any interest in defending European interests as in the days of the USSR, in the face of European countries which have become major economic competitors thanks to their monetary and trade union.

To give credibility to the Euroconservative and European federalist program, the German conservatives must set up a program, a working group and a timetable in common with the French conservatives with the aim of creating a Franco-German Federal Republic, the first stage of the Federal Republic. European.

It will be long and difficult, but it is their only way to save the Conservatives from lasting political marginalization.


Week 39, Year 2021

The credibility of American protection in Europe
 
The hasty withdrawal of the United States from Afghanistan casts doubt on the credibility of American protection since the United States is unwilling to support its allies by military means when the cost seems too high.

There is therefore a limit to the American will to defend their allies. and in particular their European allies. The USA, contrary to what most Atlanticists and liberals think, defends above all their national interests and not above all freedom in the world. For the USA the defense of freedom abroad must serve their national interests, otherwise they oppose it as in 1953 in Iran or they turn away from it as in Czechoslovakia in 1968.

What are the criteria that influence the credibility of American protection?

First of all, the importance of the threat to the United States. If the USA defended Western Europe against the Soviet threat, in particular by defending West Berlin, it is because the USSR represented a planetary threat and because it was capable of conquering Germany militarily. Today Russia does not represent a planetary threat and it is not in a position to invade Germany even if its expansionist will remains. Its ambition is to restore its influence in the countries of the former USSR, if possible by avoiding the use of force.

Then the cost of protection in man, material and capital. Even though Europe is a peaceful area in which the United States does not suffer any loss of life, the financial cost of its presence is significant.

Then the benefit of protection for the USA. We must recognize that the presence of the Americans in Europe makes it easier for them to sell their military equipment to Europeans and strengthens their diplomatic and economic influence over them.

Finally, the evolution of the mentality of political, administrative and media elites and of the population. The political and administrative elites, often linked to the arms industry, wish to maintain American influence in Europe. But they also want to make the Europeans more involved in the defense of the continent, while maintaining the control of the USA over their allies via their military preeminence and thanks to the political division of the Europeans. The American population, on the other hand, is less and less willing to ensure the protection of the European continent, which represents a leading economic competitor. Some politicians will therefore necessarily seek to take advantage of this reality which will only grow, as Donald Trump did.

Under these conditions, American protection in Europe is far from absolute. Certain scenarios may materialize in which the US will refuse to intervene as it refused to intervene in Hungary in 1956 or in 1998 in Kosovo. In the event of significant trade tensions between the EU and the US or in the event of differences over the Indo-Pacific zone between Europeans and Americans, the United States would probably refuse to actively defend European interests or European territory against or against Russia. to other powers.

For the USA, it is always the American interests that will prevail over the interests of European countries and that is logical. If the USA considers that the defense of Europe is no longer profitable given the risks and the economic, technological and geopolitical competition which delivers it to the Europeans, the historic feelings of friendship will not be enough. The USA have never hesitated to put their national interest ahead of the interest of their British allies in Suez in 1956, French in 1963 during the Elysee Treaty modified in an Atlanticist sense, Germans in 2021 as part of its sanctions policy against companies working with Iran. This is what allows them to conduct a policy of power which is essential to be credible and ensure stability in many regions of the world.

It is therefore the duty of Europeans to take responsibility for the defense of their territory and their interests. Some believe that in order to achieve this, Europeans must become autonomous in terms of military capabilities thanks to the pooling of their means and sovereign in decisions thanks to an identification of their common interests.

But the common capacities of observation, communication, transport, training and logistics cannot exceed a few thousand men because it is necessary to pool the means and integrate the forces to constitute an operational European force, taking into account the absence of an overpowered partner like the USA. This pooling makes them unavailable for use within a strictly national framework.

As each sovereign European state necessarily wants to retain most of its military resources, European forces cannot be sufficient. The Franco-German brigade, for example, is efficient but it cannot be split up so that its components are made available to France and Germany.
The Franco-German brigade, for example, is efficient but it cannot be split up so that its components are made available only to France and Germany.

And identify the common interests for which Europeans must act together and foresee the probable scenarios in which their Europeans will use their forces.
does not allow to face real crises, which are always different from those foreseen.

Dealing with real crises requires a strong political will capable of overcoming diplomatic pressures and domestic difficulties, which cannot be achieved with multiple states, except in cases of flagrant and significant aggression which remain rare. Despite all the strategic compasses and conflict scenarios, crises always occur through exceptional circumstances and in unprecedented contexts that cannot be accurately assessed. If the Europeans are faced with a Russian invasion of Ukraine or a hostile regime in Arabia they will not be able to agree in the time necessary, even if they agreed on paper to intervene or not. .

In addition, there will always be scenarios on which European states cannot agree on paper. Will Germany ever agree to intervene in Libya to overthrow the regime in place? Could France agree to intervene to defend Azerbaijan in the event of an Armenian attack?

Without the US federal government, what situation would the Americans have been in in 1991 when Iraq invaded Kuwait? California would probably have refused an intervention when we know that Joe Biden and John Kerry voted against this war while Texas would have supported the operation.

The cancellation of the sales contract for French submarines in Australia should make it clear that the European or French technological advance does not make it possible to compensate for the diplomatic and geopolitical weakness of Europeans in a world where each country is primarily looking for powerful partners and capable of influencing the relationships of geopolitical forces.

A solid defense of Europe, of its territory and of its interests therefore necessarily requires the creation of a European Federal Republic, which alone can have the will and the means necessary for this.​

Week 38, Year 2021
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In her State of the Union speech on September 15, 2021, the President of the European Commission announced certain measures without noting the insufficient effectiveness of the European Union, which manifested itself indisputably in 2020-2021 at the diplomatic, industrial, economic and health plan in particular.

The European Union therefore still lives in denial and remains largely cut off from realities, except in certain technical or monetary fields.

Some of the measures announced by the chairperson of the committee are nevertheless useful, such as:

The preference given to European armaments for orders placed by European states, through the reduction of VAT. This measure is unfortunately unlikely to see the light of day given the dependence of the majority of European countries on the United States for their security.
Support for long-term European professional stay for young people is necessary to broaden the mental hirozon of young people who often vote for nationalist parties.
The boycott of products from forced labor will put pressure on governments that do not respect basic human rights principles.

Other measures will be ineffective, or will only increase efficiency in Europe by dispersing resources and responsibilities.

The HERA health alert agency and the 50 billion euros in funding will not bring any significant improvement compared to the WHO and national agencies and national health resources and may even disperse resources and skills. It would be necessary to ensure that EMA (European Medicines Agency) replaces the national medicine centers in order to have a coherent and effective vaccine and medicine policy. The European CDC should also replace local national CDCs in order to have a coherent and effective public health policy. But of course all this requires political responsibility and therefore a federal European government.

Support from the chip industry thanks to a law to reverse the trend of IT deindustrialisation of recent years. A law does not allow for an industrial policy. We also need coherent funding and sustainable political will. This is extremely difficult to achieve with 27 sovereign states.
A Global Gateway investment in quality infrastructure to connect people, goods and services. The funding available and the diplomatic weight of Europeans will probably be neither sufficient nor coherent to be able to compete effectively with the Chinese Belt and Road Initiative.

In summary, the measures unveiled by the President of the European Commission will in no way make it possible to redress the state of the European Union and the state of European countries, whose economic, demographic, diplomatic, military and technological decline is occurring. accentuates due in particular to their political divisions.

The time has come to create a European Federal Republic, starting with a Franco-German Federal Republic, member of the EU and responsible for defense, diplomacy, industry, research and the environment.
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While 30% of French and Germans are in favor of the establishment of a European federal government, and 30% are against, leaders in France and Germany still refuse this solution. This is due to their lack of vision, their lack of competence and their lack of political courage. This penalizes all European citizens and undermines their economic and security interests.

Without a European government accountable to the electorate, Europeans will be fully vassalized by the superpowers. They will gradually be economically marginalized and will once again be exposed to internal rifts, fueled by powers outside Europe.

FEDERAL EUROPE will hold an information and awareness meeting on Wednesday September 22, 2021 at 3 p.m. at the Maison Pradier café, 6 rue de Bourgogne, 75007 Paris. Current topics, the situation in France and Germany and the content of the book Towards the European Federal Republic will be discussed. Do not hesitate to go there.

This will make it possible to make known the point of view of FEDERAL EUROPE, which is a Euroconservative political party which defends the European identity. It is a right-wing culturalist and social party. Its aim is to bring together pro-European conservatives and liberals in France and Germany and to rally them to European federalism by proposing a strong Europe militarily, industrially, commercially, culturally and demographically.

This will be an opportunity, for members who have not yet done so, to choose a functional department among the following 5. communication fo

Week 37, Year 2021

Dear European citizen, dear member, dear sympathizer,

I hope you have a good holiday and I am happy to resume contact with you to continue on the path of improving the situation and political practice in Europe through the creation of the European Federal Republic.

I am therefore happy to inform you of the publication of my latest book entitled "Towards the European Federal Republic"

This book provides theoretical, historical, political and operational bases for European federalism.

If you wish to receive it by email in pdf format, please let me know. Its price is 20 euros that you can pay via my paypal account (dakhan75@hotmail.com) or during a FEDERAL EUROPE meeting.

If you tell me that you can't afford this sum, I will send you the book for free.

To give you an idea of ​​its content and content, here is its presentation and summary

"Europe is lagging behind the rest of the world in growth and innovation.

The EU has virtually no influence on the international scene and its capacity for trade negotiations is hampered by divisions between European countries.


Terrorism hits the European continent as it spares the USA, Rusia and China. Unable to effectively control its borders, Europe is also the site of the most important illegal immigration in the world.

And neither the EU nor the European countries are able to defend their eastern border or intervene in the Middle East without US help.

  

As if this were not enough, European states and the European Commission have been unable to effectively protect and vaccinate their populations quickly against the Coronavirus pandemic.


Faced with this very worrying situation, what should Europeans do? Restore the full sovereignty of each European state, which seems utopian given the lack of critical size and the interdependence of European countries? Maintain the current system of cooperation between European states organized by the European Union when this system does not give satisfactory economic and diplomatic results? Or to found with France and Germany a European Federal Republic similar to the United States of America and a member of the European Union in order to finally have the means to act on major issues?


It is the interest and the possibility of creating the European Federal Republic that the author examines in this book, in a realistic and impactful way. "



Summary ………………………………………………………………………………… ..2

Introduction ……………………………………………………………………………… .... 4


I The European Federal Republic: a necessity ………………………….… 5


A / Assessment of European construction ……………………………………………… ..... 5

Positive elements. ………………………………………………………………………… ... 6

Negative elements


B / Internal and external problems and their causes …………………… ............… ... 12

Prosperity …………………………………………………………………………… ..12

The budget and European, national and local competences ………… ....... 15

The technology ………………………………………………………………………… ... 16

The environment ……………………………………………………………………… .... 17

Space and cyber ………………………………………………………………………… .19

Health ………………………………………………………………………………… ... 20

immigration ………………………………………………………… .. ……………… ..... 21

The sustainability of the single market ……………………………………………………… ..22

Defense ……………………………………………………………………………… ..23

Peace and international threats ……………………………………………… ..25

International competition ……………………………………………………….… 31

The need for meaning ……………………………………………………………………… .31


C / Internal advantages with the European Federal Republic ……………. …… 32

Industry and prosperity …………………………………………………………………… 32

Trade ……………………………………………………………………………… ... 33

Budget and euro area …………………………………………………………………… ... 33

Demographics …………………………………………………………………………… ... 34

Research ……………………………………………………………………………… .... 35

Environment ……………………………………………………………………………… .35

Social protection ………………………………………………………………………… 36

Borders and migration …………………………………………………………………… 36

Crime ………………………………………………………………………………… .37

Health ……………………………………………………………………………………… .39

The rule of law …………………………………………………………………………… ... 40

The need for meaning ……………………………………………………………………… ... 42


D / External benefits with the European Federal Republic ………………… ..43

Terrorism ……………………………………………… ... …………………………… .... 43

Defense, Space and Cyber ​​……………………………………………………………… .45

Foreign policy ……………………………………………………………………… ..45



II The European Federal Republic: a real possibility ………………… ... 52


A / The identity of European civilization ……………………………………………… ..52


Culture. And values ​​…………………………………………………………………… 52

The European population and the notion of European people ………………………… ..56

The territory ……………………………………………………………………………. …… .59

European History before 1945 ………………………………………………….… ... 60


B / Political will ………………………………………………………………….… ..67

European history after 1945 …………………………………………………… ..… .67

A Hamiltonian moment? .............................................. .............................................. 71

Majority rule? ............................................ .................................................. 73

Should we create a sovereign European assembly? ......................................... ..... 74

With which countries to found the European Federal Republic? .......................................... 76

What political forces to create the European Federal Republic? ................ 80

RFE institutions ………………………………………………………………… ...… ..83

RFE resources …………………………………………………………………… ... 87



The time has come to create a European Federal Republic, starting with a Franco-German Federal Republic, responsible for defense, diplomacy, industry, research and the environment.
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While 30% of French and Germans are in favor of the establishment of a European federal government, and 30% are against, leaders in France and Germany still refuse this solution. This is due to their lack of vision, their lack of competence and their lack of political courage. This penalizes all European citizens and undermines their economic and security interests.

Such a federal government will do better than the European Commission and better than the European Parliament.

Without a European government accountable to the electorate, Europeans will be fully vassalized by the superpowers. They will gradually be economically marginalized and will once again be exposed to internal rifts, fueled by powers outside Europe.

For the major subjects of public life (defense, industry, ecology, diplomacy, trade, research, demography, immigration, etc.), a federal European government responsible to the electorate is necessary to obtain results. It is the model of the Europatriots which will produce a strong and independent Europe.

The confederal or semi-federal model of Europeanists is insufficient and outdated.

A European government worthy of the name requires an administration and with military and budgetary means and therefore a State. This federal European state is based on the European super nation also called European civilization. What is a civilization if not a great nation grouping together its small nations? Some civilizations are already united or almost united (China, India, North America, Russian world), others are not yet (Europe, Arab world, black Africa, Central Asia, Latin America ...)

The creation of the European government begins with the establishment of a Franco-German federal government, competent for all that France and Germany can no longer do alone, and which will be a member of the European Union. This will create a federal dynamic in Europe and allow the gradual incorporation of all European countries. Each European nation will remain sovereign in all areas for which real sovereignty can be exercised without the European federal government (education, social, justice, police, tourism, local culture, etc.)

FEDERAL EUROPE will speak at the conference on September 16, 2021 at 7:30 p.m. which will be held at the Maison de Allemagne de la Cité Universitaire in Paris. (registration via https://www.maison-heinrich-heine.org)

This will make it possible to make known the point of view of FEDERAL EUROPE, which is a Euroconservative political party which defends the European identity. It is a right-wing culturalist and social party. Its aim is to bring together pro-European conservatives and liberals in France and Germany and to rally them to European federalism by proposing a strong Europe militarily, industrially, commercially, culturally and demographically.

This intervention will also help recruit supporters and members.

Following this intervention an FE meeting will be held in a café, open to members and supporters.

This will be an opportunity, for members who have not yet done so, to choose a functional department among the following 5. communication, training, administration / fundraising, human resources, security.

It is also possible to choose a political department among the following 7 for members who wish to contribute to the programmatic reflection: industry / energy, social / fiscal, growth / trade, foreign affairs / defense, ecology, specific program France, specific program Germany .

In addition, everyone can make FE known by contacting members of pro-European organizations (European Movement, Young Europeans, etc.) via social networks to inform them of our upcoming interventions and share our website www.federaleurope.info.

FE is in the process of building up its permanent teams  in France and Germany who will be selected from among the most motivated members.

See you soon to give birth to the federal Europe we need

Week 27, Year 2021

The creation of the European Federal Republic and the political positioning of Die Linke

The German political party Die Linke has presented its program for the parliamentary elections to be held in September 2021 in Germany, in which it has a chance to secure enough seats to block the formation of a coalition government or to participate to a coalition government.

This program complements the positions taken by Die Linke and the ideological orientations of Die Linke, which makes it possible to get an idea of ​​its political position. But is this positioning desirable and is this positioning achievable?

The essential points of Die Linke's positioning in domestic policy are as follows:

Minimum wage of 13 euros per hour, normal working time of 30 hours per week with a maximum of 40 hours, 36 days off.
Prohibition of temporary work and redundancies. Executive salary limited to 20 times the minimum wage A minimum wage of 13 euros per hour could not be supported by small and medium-sized enterprises. On the other hand, we can increase the minimum wage in Germany to 10 euros, so as to be at the same level as in France. A legal working time of 30 hours could not be supported by companies if the income of employees is to remain constant. 40 working hours maximum per week penalizes effort and initiative. Limiting executive salaries to 20 times the minimum wage penalizes risk-taking and effort.
Free public crèche service and 12-month parental salary. More staff in schools and nurseries.
These are good measures to boost the birth rate.
Digitization of schools.
Above all, it is necessary to teach pupils to stay focused rather than to manipulate screens with which they have become familiar for a long time outside of school. The digitization of schools must nevertheless be implemented in order to be able to teach at a distance if necessary.
Universal income of 1200 euros per month, increase in pensions by 50%, retirement age at 65. A universal income of 1200 euros per month would discourage work and effort. An increase in withdrawals of 50% is not bearable by the pension system given the aging of the population. The increase in the retirement age is necessary given the aging of the population and the low birth rate, but it is possible to keep the retirement age at 65 in Germany by using temporary and extraordinary financing if the birth rate increases sharply in the years to come.
End of the separation between private and public health insurance and creation of a single solidarity health insurance. 500 euros salary increase for health personnel Nationalization of clinics.
Private health insurance plays a useful role in controlling the costs of health insurance, but access to all care must be guaranteed for people with low or no income. Maintaining a diverse and partly liberal health care system is important for developing medical skills. A salary increase of 500 euros for health workers is a good idea.
Capping of rents and land prices. Ban on investment companies from buying real estate to prevent real estate speculation. Capping rents and land prices is useful for increasing purchasing power and living standards because the real estate market is not an elastic market. But investment companies must be able to acquire real estate to increase the elasticity of this market and to promote the construction of new homes that must be able to be resold.

Fund of 20 billion euros to achieve carbon neutrality in 2035 thanks to a green and digital industrial policy, reduction in the price of public transport and development of public transport A green and digital industrial policy can only be effectively conducted at the plan European, given the high interdependence of industrial sectors and the high complementarity of industrial skills in Europe. Reducing the price of public transport and expanding it is a good idea.
Progressive wealth tax, increase in inheritance tax, no income tax for less than 1200 euros per month. Special progressive contribution on wealth from 2% to 30% payable over 20 years to finance expenses related to the coronavirus crisis. The wealth tax cannot be implemented effectively at the German level. To begin to be effective, it must be implemented at European level and therefore by a European federal government. A moderate European wealth tax is possible, but a progressive wealth tax discouraged risk and good management.
Prohibition of speculation in food products. This is a good idea as food products should not be subject to excessive price variations given their importance to the daily life of the vast majority of the population.

The essential points of its positioning in foreign policy are as follows:

Germany's exit from NATO and establishment of a collective security system with the participation of Russia. End of all Bundeswehr missions abroad. Germany cannot leave NATO until there is a European Federal Republic because only a European Federal Republic can defend the territory and vital interests of Europeans without the help of the USA. It is not possible to create a long-term viable security system in Europe without a European Federal Republic capable of balancing Russian power. Putting an end to all the Bundeswehr's external missions would lead to a degradation of its experience and its combat capacity and would entail a loss of European influence.

The essential points of its positioning in European politics are as follows

Continue with the current confederal system which characterizes the European Union.
As already said, this is not viable because the tensions between creditor and debtor countries in Europe, the lack of critical size of European countries and the growing interdependence between European countries requires a federalization of Europe. Otherwise a rapid European decline is to be expected. Continuing on the current path can also lead to the European Union breaking up into competing blocs (South, North, East West) each supported by extra-European powers whose aim is to share Europe's technological and industrial resources. 

In reality, Die Linke does not seek to constitute a European public and military power capable of defending the interests of European citizens because its ideology is based on social demagoguery, claiming that all political problems are explained by social differences. In addition, Die Linke endangers the stability and security of the European continent by demanding an exit from NATO without constituting a federal European power capable of acting as a counterweight to Russia. She prefers, out of opportunism, to continue on the current path of confederal Europe even if this is detrimental for the future of Germans and Europeans.

In short, Die linke's political position will not provide effective solutions to improve the economic and security situation of European citizens, and it endangers the security and prosperity of Europeans.

However, a very small part of the leaders and activists of Die Linke could be favorable to the concept of independent European power. A part of the popular electorate of die Linke attached to the notion of patriotism could be in favor of the creation of a European Federal Republic if a federalist, conservative and social European political alternative is available.

Given the lack of a credible federalist European political offer, FEDERAL EUROPE does not call for voting for a particular party during the German legislative elections of 2021. But FEDERAL EUROPE calls for not voting for the AFD party because this party represents a danger for the construction of Europe and for the creation of the European Federal Republic.

As already indicated, a credible federalist European political alternative can be carried by the ideas of the euro-conservative party Federal Europe. Its role will be to show how the European Federal Republic can provide solutions in the 4 areas essential for the life of European citizens, namely:

1 / Economic, social and environmental progress
2 / Military and diplomatic power and prestige
3 / Institutional and political authority
4 / Civilizational and cultural identity

​The time has come to create a European Federal Republic, starting with a Franco-German Federal Republic, responsible for defense, diplomacy, industry, research and the environment.

While 30% of the French and Germans are in favor of the establishment of a European government, and 30% are against, the leaders in France and Germany still refuse this solution. This is due to their lack of vision, their lack of competence and their lack of political courage. This penalizes all European citizens and undermines their economic and security interests.​​​​

Week 26, Year 2021

The creation of the European Federal Republic and the political positioning of the CDU-CSU

The German CDU-CSU has presented its program for the parliamentary elections which will take place in September 2021, and in which it has a chance to obtain enough seats to have an absolute majority or to form a coalition government.

This program complements the positions taken by the CDU-CSU and its ideological orientations, which makes it possible to get an idea of ​​its political positioning. But is this positioning desirable and is this positioning achievable?

The essential points of the CDU-CSU's positioning in domestic policy are as follows:

Low cost credit for the purchase of housing and lower property tax. Abolition of the real estate sales tax for large families Lower taxes for large families.
These are pretty good measures because they will increase the number of homeowners in Germany and they will promote the birth rate.

No increase in taxes on high incomes, no wealth tax, limitation of corporate tax to 25%. Lower taxes for small and medium incomes. Return to budgetary balance and maintenance of the debt limitation mechanism.
These measures cannot be implemented at the same time. We cannot at the same time lower taxes on the middle classes and on companies, not increase taxes on high incomes and balance the budget.

Reduction of bureaucracy on businesses.
It is always useful, but we must also increase the means of combating tax and social fraud.

CO2 prices and private initiatives as central instruments of ecological innovation. Support for the photovoltaic industry, maintenance of all motorization systems, including internal combustion engines.
We must support not only the photovoltaic industry but also all strategic and innovative sectors, either directly or through trade policy and regulations. This requires an industrial policy which can only be conducted effectively at European level and by a European federal government, given the high interdependence of industrial sectors and technological skills in Europe. We must promote the switch to electric motor as quickly as possible through industrial policy to ensure the future of the European automotive industry.

No increase in the retirement age and generational pension of 100 euros per child. The CSU defends the idea of ​​a retirement for mothers.
Given the demographic situation and the increase in the length of life, it will be difficult not to increase the retirement age. A capital of 100 euros per child to ensure their retirement is useful to complete the pay-as-you-go pension system. The principle of a right to retirement for mothers of families is useful to promote the birth rate.

More police presence, surveillance cameras, bodycams, facial recognition and European data exchange to fight crime.
All these measures are useful in the fight against crime.
 
The essential points of its positioning in foreign policy are as follows:

Maintenance and strengthening of the transatlantic link. More importance given to the peaceful zone. Confrontation of Russia and China concerning their power politics and their internal politics.

As already said, It is necessary to remain in NATO as long as a European Federal Republic capable of defending itself has not been created. However, maintaining the transatlantic link at the current level does not favor the economic, industrial, commercial and financial interests of Europeans against the USA. This concerns in particular concerning investments in Iran, the European armaments industry, the taxation of large foreign technological groups (the 15% tax negotiated by the G7 is totally insufficient since the corporate tax rate in the world is on average 30%), European exports to the USA and to the world, access to American public markets and European influence in the Russian world, in the arable world, in Central Asia and in Africa. Maintaining the transatlantic link at the current level also risks dragging us into a trade or military war with China for the defense of American diplomatic and military interests in the Far East. The CDU-CSU wants to follow the Americans to give them satisfaction by increasing antagonism with China and Russia, which is harmful for independence and for the interests of Europeans.

The essential points of its positioning in European politics are as follows:

Continue with the current confederal system which characterizes the European Union.
As already said, this is not viable because the tensions between creditor and debtor countries in Europe, the lack of critical size of European countries and the growing interdependence between European countries requires a federalization of Europe. Otherwise a rapid European decline is to be expected. Continuing on the current path can also lead to the European Union breaking up into competing blocs (South, North, East West) each supported by extra-European powers whose aim is to share Europe's technological and industrial resources. ,

In reality, the CDU-CSU does not seek to constitute a European power because it is politically risky. She prefers, out of opportunism, to continue on the current path of Atlanticism and confederal Europe in order to remain in power, even if this is detrimental for the future of Germans and Europeans. The current comfortable short-term situation of Europe under American protection suits it more than the creation of a powerful and independent Europe capable of securing its future.

In short, the political position of the German CDU-CSU will not make it possible to provide effective solutions to improve the economic and security situation of European citizens, because of its opportunism and the mediocrity of its political positioning.
However, some of the CDU-CSU leaders and activists might be in favor of the notion of an independent European power, European patriotism and a strong European federal government. A large part of the electorate of the CDU-CSU could also be favorable to these 3 concepts and therefore to the creation of a European Federal Republic if a federalist and conservative European political alternative is available.

As already indicated, this credible political alternative can be supported by the ideas of the Euro-conservative Federal Europe party. Its role will be to show how the European Federal Republic can provide solutions in the 4 areas essential for the life of European citizens:

1 / Economic, social and environmental progress
2 / Military, diplomatic power and prestige
3 / Institutional and political authority
4 / Civilizational and cultural identity,

While 30% of the French and Germans are in favor of the establishment of a European government, and 30% are against, the leaders in France and Germany still refuse this solution. This is due to their lack of vision, their lack of competence and their lack of political courage. This penalizes all European citizens and undermines their economic and security interests.​​​​ 

Week 25, Year 2021,

The creation of the European Federal Republic and AFD's political positioning


The German AFD presented its program for the legislative elections which will take place in September 2021, and in which it has a chance to obtain enough seats to prevent the CDU-CSU from having an absolute majority or to block the formation of a CDU-FDP coalition government

This program complements AFD's positions and its ideological orientations, which gives an idea of ​​its political positioning. But is this positioning desirable and is this positioning achievable?

The essential points of AFD's positioning in domestic policy are as follows:

Restoration of German borders with systematic physical checks to fight against the entry of refugees. No family reunification allowed for refugees. No asylum request possible without identity documents making an expulsion possible. Some of these measures are undesirable, others are. The reestablishment of physical borders between European countries would greatly complicate the movement of goods and people in Europe and is therefore not justified, except in the event of an exceptionally serious situation. Family reunification for refugees who have been granted asylum must be maintained for human reasons and because this only slightly increases the number of refugees. The inability of undocumented migrants to apply for asylum is a good idea, unless the authorities in the country of origin confiscate identity documents.
No containment measures against the Coronavirus but call for individual responsibility. No incentive for vaccination. This would cause an explosion in the number of COVID 19 cases and slow the pace of vaccinations, thereby extending the time needed to achieve herd immunity.
Liberalization of gun ownership regulations This is desirable because the link between the possession of legal firearms and increased crime does not exist. The dissemination of legal firearms allows citizens to practice demanding sport and develop a form of culture.
Support for the birth rate through a birth credit intended for young couples, through a retirement subsidy based on the number of children and through assistance for all goods and services related to the education of children, including including help for grandparents.
These are good ideas which are useful in boosting the birth rate in Europe, which is far too low.
More autonomy for the recruitment of teachers by high schools and no courses on Islam or gender ideology, which makes any difference between men and women. Increased importance for German history lessons, for German traditions and for German culture. Some of these measures are undesirable, others are. Part of the recruitment of secondary school teachers could indeed be made more flexible. It is not justified to give courses on gender ideology, which is a questionable ideology. The courses on Islam on the other hand are obviously useful as the courses intended to make known the other religions. German history and culture courses must be accompanied by courses on the history of European unification from ancient Rome and by courses on European cultural heritage.
No foreign funding for Muslim associations and places of worship. This is discriminatory and unconstitutional.

Refusal of the objective of carbon neutrality for 2050. Privileged private car but protection of natural spaces and development of public transport. This type of environmental policy is insufficient to allow real progress in this area.
Lower taxes and compulsory levies but digital tax. This fiscal policy is unable to generate the income necessary to increase family spending, improve infrastructure and invest in strategic sectors in a country like Germany where a significant portion of income comes from exports.
No rent limitation or construction of social housing but financial support for tenants.
This housing policy will not be able to curb the excessive rise in rents and will increase spending too sharply. The construction of social housing remains essential but its quality and location must be improved to fight against ghettoization.

Creation of a compulsory national service, to be carried out in the fields of health, firefighting or in technical fields.It is useful in order to broaden the horizon and diversify the values ​​of young people, by facilitating social mixing and ethnic. To this should be added the possibility of performing this compulsory national service in the defense of the territory, in order to give young people who so wish the bases of martial and military culture.

The essential points of its positioning in foreign policy are as follows:

Maintaining the transatlantic link and developing relations with Russia, in particular by putting an end to the sanctions owed to Ukraine As already said, it is necessary to remain in NATO as long as a European Federal Republic capable of defending itself has not not been created. However, maintaining the transatlantic link at the current level does not favor the economic, industrial, commercial and financial interests of Europeans vis-à-vis the USA. This concerns in particular concerning investments in Iran, the European armaments industry, the taxation of large foreign technological groups (the 15% tax negotiated by the G7 is totally insufficient since the corporate tax rate in the world is on average 30%), European exports to the United States and to the world, access to American public markets and European influence in the Russian world, in the arable world, in Central Asia and in Africa. Maintaining the transatlantic link at the current level also risks dragging us into a trade or military war with China for the defense of American diplomatic and military interests in the Far East. The development of ties with Russia is useful to avoid an ideological and strategic confrontation with the Sino-Russian bloc wanted by the USA and to reduce dependence on the USA. On the other hand, the sanctions concerning Russian policy in Ukraine must be maintained because Europe cannot allow a country with which it has economic interests and important cultural ties to be dismembered or occupied.

The essential points of its positioning in European politics are as follows

Get Germany out of the euro and out of the European Union. Creation of an alliance of sovereign European nations This European policy would lead to the contraction of trade in Europe, to a prolonged economic recession in Europe, to an acceleration of European decline relative to other powers and to the resurgence of the risk of war between European nations, each supported by extra-European powers defending their allies in Europe. We would therefore witness a return of European history from 1648 to 1945 which was a complete failure and which ended with the domination of the Americans and the Soviets over Europe.

In reality, AFD is opposed to the creation of a powerful Europe. because of its largely reactionary ideology. The current situation of Europe under American protection suits him more than the creation of a powerful independent Europe because an independent Europe must be united and a united Europe requires a European federal government.

In summary, the political position of the German AFD will not make it possible to provide effective solutions to improve the economic and security situation of European citizens even if this party has certain good ideas concerning the birth rate in particular. In addition, his refusal to build a confederal Europe embodied by the EU and his detestation of a federal Europe, makes him incapable and incompetent.

However, a small part of AFD leaders and activists could be in favor of the notion of European patriotism and a strong European federal government. Part of the AFD electorate could also be in favor of European patriotism and therefore the creation of a European Federal Republic if a federalist and conservative European political alternative is available.

As already indicated, this credible political alternative can be supported by the ideas of the Euro-conservative Federal Europe party. Its role will be to show how the European Federal Republic can provide solutions in the 4 areas essential for the life of European citizens:

1 / Economic, social and environmental progress
2 / Military, diplomatic power and prestige
3 / Institutional and political authority
​4 / Civilizational and cultural identity,

While 30% of the French and Germans are in favor of the establishment of a European government, and 30% are against, the leaders in France and Germany still refuse this solution. This is due to their lack of vision, their lack of competence and their lack of political courage. This penalizes all European citizens and undermines their economic and security interests.​​​


Week 24, Year 2021

The creation of the European Federal Republic and the political positioning of the FDP

Knowing the positions of the main political forces in France and Germany is necessary to show their inadequacies and to attract some of their members to the FEDERAL EUROPE party. This is also useful to know if some of their ideas can facilitate the creation of the European Federal Republic.

The German FDP has presented its program for the parliamentary elections which will take place in September 2021, and in which it has a chance to secure enough seats to participate in a coalition government.

This program complements its positions and its ideological orientations, which makes it possible to get an idea of ​​its political positioning. But is this positioning desirable and is this positioning achievable?

The essential points of the FDP's positioning in domestic policy are as follows:

Corporate tax rate lowered to 25% (instead of 30% currently). Lower income tax for middle class households and upper-middle class households. Reduction of public debt below 60% of GDP. This will be almost impossible to achieve because the tax cuts will not produce additional growth in a country like Germany whose production is mainly directed towards exports and whose investment needs in school infrastructure, transport and digital infrastructure are important.
Using emission certificate trading to regulate CO2 emissions, setting the maximum amount of CO2 that can be produced each year instead of setting the price of emission certificates. This is desirable, but it will be very difficult to achieve without a European federal government responsible for the environment and therefore capable of enforcing environmental rules at European level to avoid distortions of competition. These distortions of competition lead to the abandonment of these rules.
Social spending limited to 50% of German GDP. Education budget increased by 1% of GDP and more German federal competences for education in order to improve equal opportunities throughout Germany. This is desirable, but these spending increases are not achievable given the absence of additional taxes on top incomes and large businesses.
Construction of a network of charging stations for electric cars, privatization of train companies, but no privatization of railway infrastructure. This is not desirable. Building electric charging stations without supporting electric car production is inconsistent and effectively supporting electric vehicle production requires a European federal government responsible for industrial policy. The privatization of train companies is unnecessary because the market is already open to competition and it is necessary to be able to use public actors in the field of transport by train in order to grow traffic quickly and in order to serve the entire European territory.
Funded retirement for part of pensions and retirement age made more flexible. This is desirable if funded retirement is an option and the retirements do not exceed a maximum age.
Privatization of Deutsche Post and Deutsche Telekom and investment of the proceeds from these sales in digital infrastructures. The privatization of Deutsche Post is not desirable because Deutsche Post is useful for improving German spatial planning and reducing inequalities.
Legalization of cannabis. This is not desirable. It is the medicalization of cannabis and drugs in general that is desirable.
Extension of the term of the Bundestag legislature to 5 years (currently 4 years). This is a good idea; as it would strengthen stability and political continuity in Germany

The essential points of its positioning in foreign policy are as follows:

Maintenance of the transatlantic link in all areas. As already indicated, it is feasible but it does not favor the economic, industrial, commercial and financial interests of Europeans against the US. particularly concerning investments in Iran, the European armaments industry, the taxation of large foreign technological groups since the 15% tax negotiated by the G7 is totally insufficient since the corporate tax rate in the world is in average of 30%, European exports to the USA and to the world, access to American public markets and European influence in the Russian world, in the arable world, in Central Asia and in Africa. It also risks dragging us into a trade or military war with China for the defense of American diplomatic and military interests in the Far East.

The essential points of its positioning in European politics are as follows

Continue with the current European confederal system. This is not viable because the tensions between creditor and debtor countries, the lack of critical size, the growing interdependence between European countries requires a federalization of Europe, otherwise a rapid European decline is to be expected. Continuing on the current path can also lead to the European Union breaking up into competing blocs (South, North, East West) each supported by extra-European powers whose aim is to share Europe's technological and industrial resources. 

In reality, if the FDP is not opposed to the constitution of a powerful Europe, the FDP is not very favorable to this notion. because of its free trade globalist ideology which tends to deny power rivalries. The current situation in Europe placed under American protection suits him, while this is detrimental not only for Europeans but also for the global geostrategic and geoeconomic balance. Indeed the USA can no longer be the policeman of the world and that Europe has a geopolitical role played to ensure the great balances.

In short, the political position of the German FDP will not make it possible to provide effective solutions to improve the economic and security situation of European citizens. The FDP does not want to create a sovereign Europe capable of deciding alone to act effectively thanks to a central and federal government. In addition, confederal-type European integration will not be strengthened by the FDP, which insists on the need to increase the competitiveness of debtor countries without understanding that creditor countries must also improve their competitiveness given the extra international competition. European. The European conception of the FDP is therefore not viable in the medium term, given the financial imbalances between European countries and the inevitable divergences of electoral and financial interests between European governments.

However, some of the leaders and activists and voters of the FDP really want to constitute a European power in partnership with the conservatives and can therefore promote the emergence of a European Federal Republic. Likewise, part of the FDP electorate could also be in favor of the creation of a European Federal Republic if a credible conservative federalist political alternative is available.

As already indicated, this credible political alternative can be supported by the ideas of the Euro-conservative Federal Europe party. It will have to show why a European Federal Republic can provide solutions in the 4 areas essential for the life of European citizens:

1 / Economic, social and environmental progress
2 / Military, diplomatic power and prestige
3 / Institutional and political authority
​4 / Civilizational and cultural identity, 

While 30% of the French and Germans are in favor of the establishment of a European government, and 30% are against, the leaders in France and Germany still refuse this solution. This is due to their lack of vision, their lack of competence and their lack of political courage. This penalizes all European citizens and undermines their economic and security interests.​​

Week 23, Year 2021

The creation of the European Federal Republic and the political positioning of the SPD

Knowing the positions of the main political forces in France and Germany is necessary to show their shortcomings and to attract some of their members to the FEDERAL EUROPE party. This is also useful to know if some of their ideas can facilitate the creation of the European Federal Republic.

The German SPD has presented its program for the parliamentary elections which will take place in September 2021, and in which it has a chance to secure enough seats to participate in a coalition government.
This program complements its positions and its ideological orientations, which makes it possible to get an idea of ​​its political positioning. But is this positioning desirable and is this positioning achievable?

The essential points of the SPD's positioning in domestic politics are as follows:

Support for the green and digital economy, lower energy costs by reforming its financing, no taxation of heating systems producing CO2, increased public investments in green and social businesses. Most of these measures cannot be implemented effectively without a European industrial and energy policy, and therefore without a European federal government.
Increase in the minimum wage to 12 euros, normal working conditions for mini jobs, increase in nursery and daycare places. This is desirable and feasible under current European and German institutional conditions.
Hartz IV without job search conditions, extension of the unemployment benefit period, freeze on rent increases, facilitation of home ownership. These social measures may face social dumping from other European countries without a European federal government powerful enough to coordinate and guide social policy in Europe.
Development of clean public transport, development of the railway, subsidy of the price of train tickets, speed limit of 130km / h on the motorway, This is also achievable but the development of railways will have to be carried out at European level in order to be able to compete with the air transport and what requires a European transport policy, and therefore a European federal government sufficiently powerful to coordinate and guide transport policy in Europe.

Increase in taxes on high incomes, wealth tax. These tax measures will be very difficult to implement without a European tax policy, which requires a European federal government
Facilitation of access to hospital care. This is desirable and achievable under current conditions.

The essential points of its positioning in foreign policy are as follows:

Maintenance of the transatlantic link in all areas. It is doable but it does not favor the economic, industrial, commercial and financial interests of Europeans against the US. in particular concerning investments in Iran, the European armaments industry, the taxation of large foreign technological groups since the 15% tax negotiated by the G7 is clearly insufficient, European exports to the USA and to the world, the access to American public markets and the influence of Europeans in the Russian world, the arable world, Central Asia and Africa. It also risks dragging us into a trade or military war with China for the defense of American diplomatic and military interests in the Far East.

The essential points of its positioning in European politics are as follows

Increase in the EU's own resources through the tax on technology companies and the carbon tax. This is insufficient because it will not make it possible to constitute a European budget exceeding 2% of European GDP, and it cannot therefore allow the creation of the European Federal Republic.

In reality, if the SPD is not opposed to the constitution of a powerful Europe, the SPD is not very favorable to this notion. because of its internationalist ideology which tends to deny power rivalries. In addition, the SPD has a problem with European cultural identity (Romanity, Germanity, Christianity, rationality) and with political authority by refusing a form of political power of the presidential type. He therefore rather defends a weak Europe and therefore does not really want to create a European Federal Republic. The current situation in Europe placed under American protection suits him, while this is detrimental to the geostrategic and geoeconomic balance of the world. Indeed the USA can no longer be the policeman of the world and that Europe has a geopolitical role played to ensure the great balances.

In short, the political position of the German SPD will not make it possible to provide effective solutions to improve the economic and security situation of European citizens. The SPD will not be able to create a sovereign Europe because sovereignty requires the ability to decide and therefore requires centralized European political power. Nor will it be able to create a powerful Europe because power requires the ability to decide and also the ability to act continuously and coherently in important areas (economic, cultural, diplomatic and military.). A Europe deprived of sovereignty and deprived of power cannot be independent. And it can hardly be autonomous, except perhaps in economic matters. However, European integration of the confederal type will be strengthened, particularly at the financial level, which is better than nothing but which is not viable in the medium term given the financial imbalances between European countries.

A small part of the leaders and activists of the SPD really wants to constitute a European power and promote the emergence of a European Federal Republic. On the other hand, a significant part of the SPD electorate could be in favor of the creation of a European Federal Republic if a credible federalist political alternative is available.
This credible political alternative can be supported by the ideas of the Euro-conservative Federal Europe party. It will have to show why a European Federal Republic can provide solutions in the 4 areas essential for the life of European citizens:

1 / Economic, social and environmental progress 2 / Military, diplomatic power and prestige 3 / Institutional and political authority 4 / Civilizational and cultural identity

While 30% of the French and Germans are in favor of the establishment of a European government, and 30% are against, the leaders in France and Germany still refuse this solution. This is due to their lack of vision, their lack of competence and their lack of political courage. This penalizes all European citizens and undermines their economic and security interests.​​

Week 22, Year 2021

The creation of the European Federal Republic and the political positioning of the German Greens

Knowing the positions of the main political forces in France and Germany is necessary to show their shortcomings and to attract them, or to attract some of their members, to the FEDERAL EUROPE party. This knowledge is also useful to know if some of their ideas can facilitate the creation of the European Federal Republic.

The German Greens have presented their program for the parliamentary elections which will take place in September 2021, and in which they have a chance to obtain a relative majority in the Bundestag and therefore to form a coalition government, either with the CDU or with the SPD.

This program completes their positions and their ideological orientations and this set makes it possible to get an idea of ​​their political positioning. But is this positioning desirable and is this positioning achievable?

The essential points of the positioning of the German Greens in domestic politics are as follows:

Raising the objectives of reducing CO2 emissions and pollution, clean car in 2030, significant support for digitization, the green economy and clean public transport, Without an effective and European industrial policy led by a European federal government, and without an energy policy that relies in part on nuclear power, these goals will be difficult to achieve.

research budget increased to 3.5% of GDP. Given the dispersion of research budgets in Europe, this point would not be effective without a single European research policy, which presupposes a European federal government.

Significant increase in the minimum wage, public aid to companies which practice high wages, flexible working time between 30 and 40 hours, minimum old age, wealth tax, increase in the tax on high incomes. These social and fiscal measures will be difficult to implement without a European fiscal policy, which requires a European federal government

Reinforcement of the financing of public hospitals and of the public service mission of clinics, controlled legalization of cannabis, Legalization of cannabis is not desirable. It is its medical access that must be put in place and not its legalization. These measures can be carried out under current European institutional conditions.

Significant improvement in access to housing for the disadvantaged classes, protection of tenants by limiting rents. This is a step in the right direction and can be achieved under current European institutional conditions.

Facilitation of the Integration of legal immigrants via a right of residence after 5 years. This can be achieved under current European institutional conditions, but it poses a problem of coordination with the migration and family policy of other European countries.

The essential points of their positioning in foreign policy are as follows:

Strengthening of the transatlantic partnership with Russia and China. It is feasible but it will harm the economic, industrial, commercial and financial interests of Europeans vis-à-vis the US. in particular concerning investments in Iran, the European armaments industry, the taxation of large foreign technological groups, European exports to the United States, access to American public markets. It also risks dragging us into a trade or military war with China for the defense of American diplomatic and military interests in the Far East.

Refusal of European or German combat drones, and refusal of an increase in national and European military spending, severe restriction of arms exports. This is achievable but it will seriously damage the European military potential.

Strengthening multilateralism (WTO, UN ...). This will not be enough to defend the standard of living, the quality of life and the security of European citizens, because only a European power and therefore a European Federal Republic can do it.

Green and social European trade policy. This is very difficult to achieve without a European power having the diplomatic and military tools to negotiate on an equal footing with the great powers.

The essential points of their positioning in European politics are as follows:

Implementation of the majority decision in the European Council to put an end to the paralysis which characterizes the fiscal, industrial, commercial and international action of the EU. due to the rule of unanimous voting in the Council of Heads of Government. The aim of this is to gradually create a European Federal Republic with a parliamentary system, thanks to the gradual increase in the powers and financial resources of the European Parliament and the European Commission. This is impractical because the joint decision will not be accepted by all European governments and therefore cannot be implemented. It will be called into question by the populations who will refuse to submit to a European authority whose legitimacy will be indirect and therefore insufficient in relation to national legitimacy. Finally, a parliamentary system does not make it possible to give the European Federal Republic sufficient efficiency and stability given the size and diversity of Europe.

In fact, for a good part of the leaders and activists of the German Greens, Europe must in fact remain confederal but with a strong financial integration. They are not in favor of realism in foreign policy and power politics and therefore do not wish to give themselves the means to really create a European Federal Republic. They are attractive from an electoral point of view above all because of the American protection which is responsible for power politics and which leaves it to Europeans to develop a policy that is above all humanitarian, moral and ecological. But this compromises the future of Europeans and their integration into a European republic capable of correctly defending their interests.

However, part of the leaders and activists really want a European federal republic and they could therefore support the Federal Europe project, which contains enough ecological and social elements to attract part of the green voters.

In short, the political position of the German Greens will not make it possible to provide solutions to really improve the economic and security situation of European citizens. However, European integration of the confederal type will be strengthened, particularly in financial and environmental terms, which is better than nothing. Their will in principle to create a European Federal Republic may tip some of them towards the ideas of the FE party.​

Week 21, year 2021

An Hamiltonian Moment ?

Some believe that the European debt linked to the health and economic consequences of the Coronavirus pandemic constitutes an event comparable to the Hamiltonian moment. The Hamiltonian moment alludes to what happened in 1790 in the USA by allowing the federal government to have significant own resources and to pool the debts of the American states.


According to them, the Covid debt can be perpetuated and repaid thanks to the creation of significant European own resources, this then causing the creation of a federal government following the method used in the United States. This method consists in proposing a European federal constitution to all European states at the same time.


This is unwarranted. The American and European situations are fundamentally different. In the USA, it was the existence of the American Federal Republic, created in 1788 thanks to the political victory of the federalists over the American confederates, which enabled Hamilton in 1790 to set up significant federal budgetary resources and to pool state debts by perpetuating the federal debt.


In the confederal system of the American Congress, the purpose of which was only to encourage American states to cooperate with each other without having political sovereignty or the power to levy taxes or incur debt, as is the case today in Europe, Alexander Hamilton would never have been able to create own resources worthy of the name and to mutualize the debts of the American States.


Indeed, the American constitution of 1788 establishing the American Federal Republic provided for a central federal government endowed with powerful legislative and executive means. It is these federal institutional political means that enabled Alexander Hamilton to create a lasting federal debt and significantly increase the US government's own resources.


The error concerning the comparison between American debt and European debt therefore stems from the fact that Europeans are politically much more divided than Americans. Due to their more varied history, languages ​​and local mentalities, they have not yet succeeded in creating a federal and central European government. This is what prevents them from creating a lasting European debt and a substantial European budget supplied by significant own resources.


And it is European heterogeneity that makes necessary a specific form of European political unification, different from that produced in the USA between 1781 and 1788.


In the USA the confederal constitution of 1781, which is comparable to the current European treaties organizing the functioning of the European Union, could be replaced by a federal constitution in 1788 and with the simultaneous agreement of all the member states of the American confederation. It was able to come into being so quickly and for all the American states simultaneously because of the power of the federalist party in most of the American states and because of the youth and the homogeneity of the country. This American constitution of 1788 gave the President and Congress the skills and financial means necessary to ensure defense, to conduct diplomacy, to support research and to manage trade relations.

In Europe, the weakness of federalism, cultural diversity and political dependence on the USA make a federalism of small steps essential. It will be necessary to be satisfied with the 2 countries necessary and sufficient to create a European Federal Republic, namely France and Germany, in order not to make the task impossible and to create a major political fact in Europe, capable of bringing about the rest. of European countries in this Republic.


The example to follow in this regard is therefore not the USA. The example would rather be that of German unity, which occurred gradually from 1815 to 1871. Let us recall that the German national movement failed in 1848 because it was not powerful enough to achieve German political unity with one. suddenly, taking into account the dynastic particularities, in particular that of Prussia and that of Bavaria and taking into account the linguistic, cultural and political heterogeneity of Germany. In addition, some regions were favorable to France, others favorable to Austria and still others favorable to Prussia.


As a result German unity was achieved gradually from Prussia, opposing Austria and then France. This is what will create a European budget and debt worthy of the name.


The Europeans should therefore abandon the idea of ​​an American federalist political method, and adopt a geographical federalist political method by proceeding step by step, starting with France and with Germany.

While 30% of the French and Germans are in favor of the establishment of a European government, and 30% are against, the leaders in France and Germany still refuse this solution. This is due to their lack of vision, their lack of competence and their lack of political courage. This penalizes all European citizens and undermines their economic and security interests.​



Week 20, year 2021

Which rule of law  for the Europeans? 

The notion of the rule of law corresponds to respect for constitutional and legal rules of law.
This makes it possible in particular to distinguish the regimes based on democratic and liberal constitutional rules and the regimes subjected to insufficient rules or subjected to the arbitrariness of the governors.
But liberal and democratic constitutional rules are the subject of increasingly strong challenges in certain European countries and from certain European political forces.

While the democratic nature of regimes in Europe is not the subject of discussion, it is their liberal nature that seems to pose problems for these political forces. According to these political forces, political liberalism, by instituting complete independence of justice and total freedom of the media through law, would prevent authority from governing and contribute to political disorder and moral decline.

These political forces therefore want to put in place new rules of law in order to institute a more authoritarian and more efficient form of illiberal democracy. In an illiberal democracy, the media are totally or partially controlled by the authorities and the judges of the bench are placed under the influence of the political authorities. This model exists in Russia and in much more limited proportions in Poland, Hungary and India for example.
Political illiberalism is actually explained by the idea that the national will embodied by an elected and therefore legitimate political power must dominate the judiciary and media power.

This is a mistake because it opens the way for judicial arbitrariness, abuse of power and possibly the violation of constitutional rules. Indeed, these rules are also legal norms and if the judges are not independent, the protection of constitutional rules is no longer guaranteed, which undermines the rule of law. The legitimacy of power is also compromised since the elections are not considered fully due to pressure from the media and opposition parties or figures.

Iliberal-type democracy is therefore not a desirable regime.
A less arbitrary variant of illiberal democracy exists. It is about democracy with a dominant party. In this model, notably represented by Singapore, the ruling party prevents opposition parties from winning elections by using a legal arsenal to threaten, charge or imprison political activities that are too critical of it. In this model, the media are often subject to direct or indirect control by political power. On the other hand, the independence of the judges of the bench is not called into question. This makes it possible to guarantee a favorable climate for foreign investment and economic development since the rules of rights, including political ones, are always respected.

Dominant party democracy presents a serious problem of legitimacy since the barriers it provides against opposition parties are not legitimate. This can lead to chronic political instability if economic or social conditions deteriorate.
But one cannot deny the lack of professionalism, efficiency and long-term vision of liberal democracies, since political power is dependent on the changing, emotional and superficial opinion broadcast in most of the media.

​Rational and informed debate actually does not really exist in liberal representative democracies since the purpose of the media is to gain audiences and the purpose of the opposition is to beat the government to lose the election.
To make liberal democracy more efficient and professional, one could consider the establishment of a vertical representative democracy. In this model, political power makes decisions more efficiently and with less demagoguery thanks to the support of government media. These would be responsible for publicizing and explaining government policy through their editorial line. Relying on private media politically favorable to the government is not satisfactory because these media sometimes are not powerful enough or do not want to systematically publicize and explain the policies carried out by the government because that would not be profitable enough. It should be added that under the current system, the pro-government private media often use their influence over public opinion to advance their particular interests with the government.

In a vertical representative democracy, the media landscape will remain pluralist and free, but the government will have the means to make known, and to make understood its policy, contrary to what is happening for the moment, which harms the general interest and in the interest of every citizen. The media which follow an editorial line favorable to the opposition, to large companies or to the journalistic corporation will remain powerful enough to ensure pluralism, given the means available to these media organizations via their investors and their patrons.


It is also necessary in a vertical democracy and in a rule of law and in a vertical democracy, to be able to conduct a penal policy through instructions given to the prosecution by the Minister of Justice. But it is also necessary to guarantee the absolute independence of the judges of the bench, otherwise the very principle of justice is called into question, with serious consequences for the protection of constitutional rules.


Finally, in a vertical democracy, the reinforced presidential regime, with the concomitance of presidential and legislative elections is preferable since it allows to give political power legitimacy, stability, efficiency and continuity generally greater than that of parliamentary regimes which are based on compromises and coalitions between political parties.



The time has come to create a European federal government, starting with a Franco-German government, responsible for defense, diplomacy, industry, research and the environment.

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While 30% of the French and Germans are in favor of the establishment of a European government, and 30% are against, the leaders in France and Germany still refuse this solution. This is due to their lack of vision, their lack of competence and their lack of political courage. This penalizes all European citizens and undermines their economic and security interests.

Week 19, year 2021

Was Napoleon I pro European? 

On the occasion of the bicentenary of the Emperor's death, reactionary circles but also extreme left circles try to make people believe that Napoleon I was a patriot only concerned about the fate of France and of an anti-European temperament.

They evoke his incessant wars and the exploitation of the countries placed under his domination to give credence to this thesis.

This biased and emotional presentation does not stand up to examination of the facts.

First of all, let us recall that the wars of the 1st Empire followed the incessant wars of the Ancien Régime and the Revolution, in particular the war of Spanish succession, the war of Austrian succession, the 7-year war, the Franco-English war of 1778 and the war declared in 1792 by France. The Napoleonic wars can therefore be explained by the permanent geopolitical struggle between the great European powers since their emergence after the Renaissance. What explains the unprecedented territorial expansion of France under Napoleon is on the one hand the economic and military power of France resulting from the social, economic, administrative and military reforms of the Revolution. It is on the other hand the administrative talent and the military genius of Napoleon Bonaparte who won 67 of the 75 battles he fought, even if he lost the war by precipitation. He started the Russian campaign when the war in Spain was not over and with the aim of taking Moscow which was not a defensible city.

The incessant wars and the French expansion under the 1st Empire cannot therefore be explained by an alleged exacerbated and anti-European patriotism on the part of Napoleon.

Napoleon I also extended to almost all of Europe the civil code which constituted a considerable social progress, thus unifying the largely European continent at the legal level.

It has strengthened economic exchanges between European states through the continental blockade and it has pacified Europe with its European political system made up of its vassal states, even if it has not created an internal European market.

He created a France of 130 departments comprising as many rooted French as new French who did not speak French.
He created a European political feeling because the populations of the conquered countries were in their majority favorable to his person, like Goethe. This was the result of the pacification, progress and prosperity produced by its political system in Europe.

He married an Austrian princess to definitively pacify Europe through an alliance with Austria, the continent's second power at the time.

In 1811 he created a large European army under his command to invade Russia. This army included as many European soldiers who were not French as French soldiers.

He conceived the Russian campaign as a further means of uniting the peoples of Europe among themselves and as an opportunity to put Russia out of Europe, according to the Memoirs he dictated.

Finally, in another book, namely in the Memorial of Saint Helena, it is said that he was in favor of the idea of ​​a European political federation on the model of the United States of America.

Given the facts recalled above, given his open-mindedness and given his interest in the fate of the European continent led by his him and his family, it is obvious that Napoleon I was a European pro and even a European at heart.
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By contributing to the legal and economic integration of Europe and by showing that the populations of Europe could be in their great majority favorable to his Empire, Napoleon I also facilitated the emergence of the European dream.
Today it is finally possible to realize the Napoleonic dream of the United States of Europe to make Europe a power that counts capable of protecting its citizens.

The time has come to create a European federal government, starting with a Franco-German government, responsible for defense, diplomacy, industry, research and the environment. . While 30% of French and Germans are in favor of setting up a European government, and 30% are against, leaders in France and Germany still refuse this solution. This is due to their lack of vision, their lack of competence and their lack of political courage. This penalizes all European citizens and undermines their economic and security interests. 

Week 18, Year 2021

The results of European construction.


The week of May 9 is an opportunity to commemorate and celebrate the Schuman Declaration, which constitutes the first stage of institutional European construction.

When one examines the record of European integration since 1950 and the creation of the ECSC, one is forced to admit that the progress made is significant and decisive. But we are also obliged to recognize that this progress is very insufficient to face the challenges of today.

Agricultural policy, regional policy, trade policy, the large internal market and monetary policy have brought European citizens a surplus of economic growth, standard of living, social protection and financial solidity such as Europe has become. one of the most advanced regions of the world.


Without the common agricultural policy, there will be no efficient, self-sufficient and exporting European agriculture. Without European regional policy, whole swathes of European territory would remain abandoned, shrinking the size of the European market and increasing social problems. Without European trade policy, each European state would negotiate in a very weak position vis-à-vis the USA, China and regional powers, which would penalize their exports and their standard of living.


Without the large European internal market, growth in Europe would be several points lower, innovation would be weakened due to trade and technological barriers. Corporate profits and household incomes would be significantly lower. The fiscal resources and the debt capacity of European states would not allow them to provide their citizens with the current level of social protection.


What if Europeans had to face the 2008 financial crisis without the Euro and the Covid crisis without the ECB. It is indisputable that the cost of borrowing on the financial markets for France and Italy, for example, would have increased considerably due to the fall in tax revenues. This would have caused a devaluation of the franc and the lira, leading to a further rise in the cost of debt. to a probable default on the part of these states and to an economic depression.



But this positive aspect of European construction is insufficient because it does not compensate for the serious shortcomings of the European Union. These shortcomings are manifested mainly in the areas of financial transfers, industry, defense and diplomacy. These shortcomings prevent Europeans from benefiting from the prosperity and security to which they legitimately aspire.


We have explained that the existence of the euro and the action of the ECB constitute major assets for European countries, including those located outside the euro area thanks to the increased financial stability of trade and growth they generate.


But the existence of the euro also presents a major drawback. The creditor countries, those which export to other European countries, such as Germany, consider that they are accumulating debts on debtor countries which will not be able to honor their debts, especially if the euro zone breaks up as what happened with Greece. Unable to finance its deficit and pay off its debt, Greece could no longer repay the loans granted by the ECB, endangered the quality of the assets held by the European system of central banks, risked sinking into a damaging economic depression for exports from other European countries and threatened to exit the euro, thus causing a crisis of monetary and institutional confidence. This leads the creditor countries to reduce their risk vis-à-vis debtor European countries by demanding the limitation or the end of loans granted by the ECB and the reduction of public operating and investment spending by debtor countries


Debtor countries for their part deplore the significant financial transfers to creditor countries and their relative impoverishment vis-à-vis these countries. They therefore demand financial transfers from the European Union. Some of their political forces even advocate leaving the euro zone in order to be able to devalue their currency and thus strengthen their competitiveness to reduce their trade deficit, even if this should put an end to the large European market.

These latent tensions between European debtor and creditor countries can, in the event of external financial or security shocks, or in the event of an internal social or political shock, increase sharply and lead to a rapid exit from the euro zone of certain countries, in particular. creditor countries which will no longer wish to continue financing the rest of Europe.
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Industry in Europe is penalized by a neo-liberal ideological approach taken by the majority of European officials and the European Commission, which claims that trade helps guarantee peace and ensure economic development. This ideology is unrealistic. Trade linked to the protection of local producers and the opening of foreign markets, which are political elements that no government can ignore. Moreover, trade is by no means the only parameter that influences peace. Internal security, influence abroad, territorial expansion, national prestige each play an equally important, if not more important role in political life. As the European Commission is responsible for the application of the rules governing the European internal market, its neo-liberal ideology often leads it to think that the most important thing is to offer the consumer the cheapest possible access to products whatever their origin, which does not fail to penalize European industry. And the commission cannot coordinate, rationalize or direct the industrial policies of each European state because they remain sovereign in this field and they generally defend their particular interests. This situation is slowing down European growth and reducing the standard of living in Europe.

European diplomatic policy presents a very negative result. It suffers first of all from a lack of credibility since each European state remains master of its diplomatic orientations and the EU can only act by virtue of a unanimous vote. This prevents, for example, European countries from pursuing a united policy in North Africa, in the face of American demands concerning Russian gas or even concerning Chinese investments in Europe.
European diplomacy then suffers from a lack of efficiency resulting from its very limited resources. The only weapon the EU and European countries can use are economic sanctions, given the military weakness of each European state and the lack of a European army. But a policy of economic sanctions which cannot be backed up by diplomatic and military policies is incapable of impressing powerful countries and cannot force any country to give up interests it deems essential.

Finally, European diplomatic policy lacks fairness. This is the result of the military weakness of Europeans and their dependence on the USA, in particular to ensure the security of their eastern border. As a result, American interests are systematically privileged by Europeans, who behave most of the time and for the most part of them as auxiliaries to American power. This is how no European sanctions against the US were taken following the 2003 war in Iraq, based on a lie and which destabilized the entire region. Thus, no European sanction followed the withdrawal of the USA from the Iranian nuclear agreement or its sanctions decreed against the Nord Stream 2 pipeline. This gives European sanctions an unjust and unbalanced character in the eyes. of public opinion and leaders of many countries, which reduces European influence in the world.

The common European security and defense policy is almost non-existent, except on paper. European battle groups, task forces and rapid action forces do not have the means to act because of their serious shortcomings in logistics, equipment, training and command. And especially because of the absence of a European political power capable of deciding without needing the agreement of all European countries to intervene in a conflict.

The time has come to create a European federal government, starting with a Franco-German government, responsible for defense, diplomacy, industry, research and the environment. . While 30% of French and Germans are in favor of setting up a European government, and 30% are against, leaders in France and Germany still refuse this solution. This is due to their lack of vision, their lack of competence and their lack of political courage. This penalizes all European citizens and undermines their economic and security interests. ​ 

Week 17, Year 2021

Europe and crime

Reactionary and nationalist generals have tried to weaken French and European institutions by evoking on April 21, 2021 a military intervention in France which may have started without the approval of political power. According to them, Islamism and criminality, associated with laxity and hatred, threaten the unity of France and make this intervention inevitable, if nothing changes.

We have already spoken of the failure of the strategy of Islamist terrorists in Europe, who seek to pit communities against each other. Community tensions have not increased in Europe for 20 years and the majority of immigrants are integrated.

As regards crime, this question must be examined without amalgamation and at European level, given the high degree of interdependence between European countries.

First, let us specify that even a European government, local European states will remain masters of their penal policy, as is the case in the USA. Police and justice remain primarily the responsibility of European countries. and will therefore not experience any fundamental changes.

However, two essential elements will complete the current European criminal organization.

First of all, penal policies can be much better harmonized in Europe. This is thanks to the significant legislative and financial incentives available to the European federal government. This is necessary to conduct an effective penal policy taking into account the free movement of people, goods and capital in Europe. In the United States, federal legislation and the financial, human and political resources of the American federal government make it possible to encourage the American States to adopt similar preventive or repressive measures even if in some rather rare cases disparities deumeur, for example concerning the sentence of dead.

Then the European federal government will have a small federal police force and a European federal prosecutor who will be able to prosecute and punish offenses directed against the European federal state. These prosecutions will be more numerous and more important than those which are currently launched with the European public prosecutor's office and Europol to fight against crimes against the EU. As in the United States, federal prosecutions will considerably strengthen the fight against particularly serious offenses such as cross-border crime, espionage and corruption.

What should be the priorities of European criminal policy?

First of all, the fight against gratuitous violence. Then the fight against venal violence causing harm to people not involved in illicit activities, that is to say the fight against banditry. These struggles must be improved through community policing, strengthening of the non-administrative police force, improving police training, increasing the digitalization of police forces and raising awareness among citizens.

The fight against trafficking when it has given no results for 30 years and trafficking does not generally increase violence against people not involved in illicit activities. This trafficking provides support for certain strata of underprivileged populations, mechanically limiting the violence from these populations. But this solution is obviously not satisfactory. To fight effectively against trafficking, it is therefore necessary to put an end to trafficking by controlling the consumption of narcotics through medicalization. It is also necessary to gradually reintegrate the people involved in trafficking through a social policy and a targeted, efficient and ambitious training policy.

Drug use and prostitution cannot be eradicated as the prohibition episode in the United States once could. This is also demonstrated by the rise in drug trafficking and the persistence of prostitution, even in the most repressive countries. Such bans also lead to a significant deterioration in health and safety conditions. It is therefore necessary in these areas, as for tobacco, to adopt a policy of medical prevention and territorial delimitation.

Regarding soft drugs, prevention, awareness and medico-psychological training courses should be compulsory in order to have access to the product. With regard to hard drugs, an obligation of care and progressive detoxification should be required in order to have access to them. People addicted to alcohol or gambling could also be cared for in a similar way. Prostitution should be medically and administratively regulated and controlled.

This will allow European states to significantly reduce the health damage linked to these activities and to generate income from these activities.

Drug trafficking, the exploitation of prostitution and the organization of illicit gambling must be more closely monitored and must continue to be repressed in order to have sources of all kinds of information, to reduce the settling of scores and to fight against trafficking in human beings. To achieve this, it is necessary to infiltrate mafias, rockers, clans and gangs. These groups more often have links with banditry and they sometimes have contacts with Islamist, anarchist, environmental or nationalist terrorist groups.

Finally, to create jobs and to fight against illegal activities and to encourage tourists to come to Europe rather than Las Vegas or Macao, a vast complex of casinos, hotels and entertainment should be created. , undoubtedly in Spain, by using European know-how in these fields and by adding the critical size necessary to be competitive at the international level.

But this European penal policy cannot see the light of day without the political will and the material resources of a European federal government.

​The time has come to create a European federal government, starting with a Franco-German government, responsible for defense, diplomacy, industry, research and the environment. . While 30% of French and Germans are in favor of setting up a European government, and 30% are against, leaders in France and Germany still refuse this solution. This is due to their lack of vision, their lack of competence and their lack of political courage. This penalizes all European citizens and undermines their economic and security interests. 


Week 16, Year 2021

Should we create a sovereign European assembly?

Some propose, like Thomas Piketty, to create a European assembly which can decide on its own, therefore without needing the approval of European heads of government. This assembly would be made up of elected representatives of European citizens, it would be competent for research, industry and infrastructure issues and it would be endowed with significant own resources (around 4% of European GDP).

The aim of this federal-type solution is to get out of the current ineffective confederal structure of the European Union, by creating an institution endowed with significant resources and the capacity to decide alone, therefore sovereignly. The main advantage of this solution is that it does not require a modification of the European treaties, since this European assembly can be constituted with the European member countries of the EU which want it.

This solution does not require a European constitution and could make it possible to create a government and a European federal state gradually thereafter from the pole of power and power of this assembly.

It is therefore an economic type federalism, which does not provoke a debate concerning the identity of the European super nation (characterized in particular by Romanity, Germanity, Christianity and rationality) since the main attributes of national power like defense and diplomacy are not concerned. This economic federalism makes it possible to create an embryo of a European federal government in the form of an assembly system which could then take the form of a parliamentary system with an executive.

Despite these notable advantages, this European assembly will in reality be politically much more difficult to set up than a true European federal government for two reasons.
  
First, this solution is not attractive enough for voters. It does not create a European power through a strong European government and through essential common goods of the military, diplomacy and industrial policy. These commons require not only a large budget but also an exclusive or almost exclusive competence that only a European government with strong legitimacy can have. With regard to industrial policy, for example, it is necessary to be able in particular to set the rules for protecting companies and access to public contracts for all the federated European countries.

But for the political legitimacy of the European government to be strong, it must be able to act effectively thanks to a stable executive power and it must be responsible for the 3 main areas of life on the European continent, namely the army , diplomacy and industry at large. For this, the creation of a constitution and a European federal republic are necessary.

Second, the creditor countries will find that this solution favors the fiscal irresponsibility of the debtor countries. Indeed, the debtor countries will always have the possibility of creating financial transfers between European countries via their majority participation in this European assembly, even if the prohibition of financial transfers is originally planned. And this assembly, unlike a real European government, will not have the fiscal and legislative means to force local European states to be fiscally responsible. Without budgetary resources at least equal to those of local states, without the capacity to modify the resources and expenditure of local states by legislative means and without a strong political legitimacy and without a virtual monopoly on the armed forces to deter tax revolts , this is impossible.

This idea of ​​a sovereign European assembly takes up the idea put forward by Emmanuel Macron of an assembly of the euro zone deciding alone and capable of launching infrastructure projects and large investments thanks to its own resources.

This proposal had met with the rejection of the creditor countries for lack of credibility and it was not supported by the political forces and the voters for lack of attractiveness.

It will undoubtedly be more difficult to convince the voters to create a sovereign European assembly than to create a true sovereign European federal government because the voters will not perceive well its usefulness and will wonder about its effectiveness. And to create this assembly, it will not be possible to be satisfied with a vote of parliamentarians in France or the Netherlands, given the important fiscal and budgetary issues linked to the creation of a European assembly.

Only a European government responsible for diplomacy, the army and industry and with a strong executive can be attractive to voters thanks to the extra power, growth and prestige it can bring in a competitive world and dangerous.

It is therefore necessary to found a European federal government responsible for the major sovereign (army and diplomacy) and economic (industry, research) areas, with a budget of at least 1.5 trillion euros, i.e. 8% of GDP) and possessing a stable and strong executive.

These three conditions are also essential to enable it to impose its authority in Europe and to avoid a dispersion of resources and powers between the European Union, the European assembly, national European states, and European local communities. This dispersion largely explains the inefficiency and powerlessness of Europeans. The creation of a European assembly would further increase this dispersion and consequently the financial irresponsibility in Europe, which triggered the eurozone crisis in 2011.
 
The ineffectiveness of the method of creating a European assembly also makes it possible to understand why enhanced cooperation within the framework of the European Union is almost non-existent. The advantages for European countries of making policies in small groups are not sufficient when the federal budgetary, political and legislative means do not exist. For the same reasons, European permanent structured defense cooperation has very little effect.

​The time has come to create a European federal government, starting with a Franco-German government, responsible for defense, diplomacy, industry, research and the environment. . While 30% of French and Germans are in favor of setting up a European government, and 30% are against, leaders in France and Germany still refuse this solution. This is due to their lack of vision, their lack of competence and their lack of political courage. This penalizes all European citizens and undermines their economic and security interests

Week 15, Year 2021,

With which countries to found the European government ?

When discussing the process of creating a European federal government responsible for defense, diplomacy and industry, it is first necessary to know with which European countries such a government should be created. It is then necessary to know which European countries such a government is intended to incorporate.

Some believe that the European government should be created not only with all European countries, especially members of the EU, but also with countries on the fringes of Europe such as Russia or Turkey. As Russia or Turkey will never agree to relinquish their military, diplomatic or industrial sovereignty in favor of a European government, this path is unworkable. It is a path generally defended by supporters of Russian influence in Europe, as a substitute for American influence to compensate for the lack of self-confidence and the lack of political will of Europeans.

Others believe that the European federal government should be created in all European countries at the same time, so as not to favor one group of countries to the detriment of another. This method is unrealistic because it will be very difficult to convince all European governments to create a federal government and it will be even more difficult to obtain the agreement of all European peoples, directly or through their representatives, for this. project.

Still others believe that the European federal government should be created with a small group of countries, among those most favorable and most essential to European integration. This path is realistic and it is the one that has the most chances of success, but it must be specified.

All studies show that France, Germany and the Benelux countries are on average more favorable than Italy, Spain or Poland to the creation of a European government. Moreover, it is indisputable that without France or without Germany a government and a European federal state are not viable, for economic reasons and for strategic reasons. Moreover, without France or without Germany, the European government will not represent a power that matters and will therefore not be attractive to citizens and voters.

The European federal government must therefore be created at least with France and with Germany. The question is whether we should ask the Benelux countries and perhaps Italy to participate in this foundation. This is to avoid seeing the French and the Germans alone within a federal structure that could lead to tensions between the two populations and to strengthen the economic and geopolitical coherence of the government thus constituted.

As far as Italy is concerned, obtaining the agreement of this large country which is rather unstable and not essential to found the European government will be difficult and will therefore reduce the chances of success of the process. This will also make this creation more uncertain in the eyes of voters because the greater the number of countries required. the less the chances of success. This can demobilize citizens.

Adding the Benelux countries to the creation of the European federal government also has drawbacks.

First of all, the weight of the French and the Germans in the federal structure will remain preponderant and Franco-German antagonism can therefore always arise. Then obtaining the approval of the governments of the Benelux and the agreement of the peoples of the Benelux will not be as easy as it seems, in particular because of the possible American pressures on Belgium or the Netherlands which are very Atlanticist because of their small size. Finally, since the ratification process requires the agreement of the 5 countries, it will be in the eyes of citizens more risky than if the agreement of France and Germany were sufficient.

The founding of the European federal government with only France and Germany presents some significant advantages.

First, getting the agreement of 2 countries instead of 5 is easier and therefore more motivating for voters. Secondly, the federal dynamic generated by the creation of the Franco-German government will very probably make it possible to influence and integrate the Benelux countries quickly and easily. This federal dynamic, reinforced with the incorporation of the Benelux countries, will then make it possible to incorporate quite easily and quickly enough more distant and more important countries such as Italy, Spain and Poland, to finally incorporate the rest of the member countries of EU: In the medium or long term, the reintegration of the United Kingdom into the EU, see an integration of the United Kingdom in the European federal government will become possible thanks to the pro-European dynamic thus unleashed in Europe and thanks to the power and the attractiveness of the European federal government, based on the principle of subsidiarity.

Federal political dynamics should prevent any resurgence of Germanophobia or Francophobia by giving the French and the Germans a common goal of rapidly increasing the size and power of their common government by incorporating the other European countries. Even if the Germans are torn between Atlanticism and Europeanism, they remain Europeans before being Westerners. They will not hesitate to take their independence vis-à-vis the USA if Europe provides them with the means, as Schröder had done with Chirac in 2003. The Germans also know that nowadays economic power alone and that German power alone does not allow them to properly defend their commercial and strategic interests in and outside Europe.

In order to decide which group of founding countries we need, we must therefore understand the creation of the European federal government as a necessarily dynamic process and not as a static state of affairs. This very powerful dynamic federalist process engendered by the founding of a European government can continue as long as there are candidate countries for incorporation into the European Federation. The federated Europeans will decide whether they give a favorable follow-up to it by a qualified majority vote of the representatives of their local states and the representatives of the European people. In practice, this means that the countries considered to be fully European in the cultural and territorial sense alone will have the effective capacity to join the European federation.

Finally, there would be the possibility of proceeding with the ratification of the creation of the European federal government in all the member countries of the EU and of being satisfied with the agreement of France and Germany, or even with the agreement of Benelux countries, to proceed with the effective creation of the European government. This method has 2 main drawbacks. It considerably complicates the launch of the ratification process because, as this is a federal project, the agreement of the governments of European countries will be difficult to obtain, especially in countries which do not belong to the Carolingian European heart. And the countries that rejected incorporation into the European federal government during the ratification process will have a much harder time agreeing to join it later, which will have the effect of greatly reducing the federalist dynamic induced by the creation of the European Union. European government. "

We therefore have to create the European federal government starting with a Franco-German government.

The time has come to create a European federal government, starting with a Franco-German government, responsible for defense, diplomacy, industry, research and the environment. . While 30% of French and Germans are in favor of setting up a European government, and 30% are against, leaders in France and Germany still refuse this solution. This is due to their lack of vision, their lack of competence and their lack of political courage. This penalizes all European citizens and undermines their economic and security interests



Week 14, Year 2021,

European construction and peace


The first step in the construction of Europe was the Briand Kellog Pact of 1928 and the Birand-Stresemann proposal of 1929. This pact and this porposal embodied the will of France and Germany to avoid a new European war and to constitute a European pole of power.


However, the stammering European construction of 1929 did not make it possible to overcome the intra-European antagonisms inherited from a conflicting past that was too close. Due to the Treaty of Versailles and the great economic depression of the 1930s and war in Europe broke out again in 1939. During this war Germany was not able to organize Europe after having one. conquered because of its criminal Nazi policy and because of its strategic mistakes.


Consequently, it was the Americans and the Soviets, the main victors of Nazi Germany, who were responsible for organizing international policy in Europe after 1945. Defense and diplomacy issues in Eastern Europe were supervised. by the USSR until 1991. These questions in Western Europe are dealt with under the de facto direction of the USA, notably with NATO. Since 1991 the US has also been leading the diplomatic and military orientation of Eastern European countries.


Peace on the Continent was therefore mainly secured by American hegemony in Europe. This hegemony is notably based on American indirect control over the defense of Federal Germany, the main European power. Germany cannot possess nuclear weapons and cannot equip itself with an army exceeding 360,000 men, it remains dependent on the United States for its protection, in particular to ensure the protection of the eastern border of the European continent, which is for it is very important because its economy is highly integrated with that of countries in eastern europe.


The fact that the US ensures political stability and the pacification of the European continent is hardly surprising. The periodic breakdown every 30 years of the European balance between European powers and the recurring war in Europe which resulted from it did not allow Europeans to experience true pacification. Pacification in Europe can only be achieved through the victory of a state imposing its hegemony over others, as in China or through a federal movement that achieves real European political unity, as in India


The fact that peace in Europe is guaranteed by American protection, and also by the intensification of European interdependence under the effect of the economic and monetary unification of most of the continent and of the cooperation between European states supported by the EU are the two main factors which allow Europeans today to envisage their political unification under the aegis of a federal government.


But these two factors do not automatically engender a process of political unification leading to the creation of a European federal government. There is no automatic process for the gradual transfer of powers and financial resources from national states to the European Commission and the European Parliament. The European Commission cannot gently transform itself into a federal government. American protection and European interdependence only facilitate the emergence of the federal unification process, which will necessarily be an eminently political process. Such a process is based on the creation and regrouping of political forces of various tendencies and various countries capable of creating a European government at the level of Europe. Without political will, you cannot create a national state or a super-national state. as the history of the USA, Switzerland, Italy, Germany and India shows. To become sustainable and efficient, Europe therefore necessarily needs a federal leap of a political nature. Such a leap is facilitated by the technocratic and economic architecture put in place by the European Union.

The nature and attitude of the US government play a significant role in the process of European political unification. When the American government is seen as antagonistic and chauvinistic by the peoples of Europe and by European elites, the will of Europeans to do without American protection and to create a federal government grows stronger. When the American government is less demanding concerning American commercial and strategic interests in Europe, the federalist will of Europeans is weakened, because Europeans then benefit from American protection at a lower cost.

Still, American protection always comes at a commercial and strategic cost. And Europeans know that a Europe independent of the USA will necessarily be a stronger Europe commercially and strategically, on European territory and also outside Europe. The USA, like China, Russia and India constitute one of the superpowers. because of their political will, their productive apparatus, their military tool and their diplomatic influence. Only a small idealistic Atlanticist media and political group believe that the US does not objectively represent an economic rival and a geopolitical competitor.

In addition, it is absolutely not certain that the USA will have the will to dominate and organize Europe for long. Abrupt and far-reaching electoral changes are frequent in the United States, American priorities shift in favor of the peaceful zone and Europe constitutes for the United States a much more serious economic competitor than Russia.

To benefit from the economic and security advantages of a strong power, to perpetuate peace in Europe and to put an end to indirect American supervision, Europeans must therefore have a federal government.

​The time has come to create a European federal government, starting with a Franco-German government, responsible for defense, diplomacy, industry, research and the environment. . While 30% of French and Germans are in favor of setting up a European government, and 30% are against, leaders in France and Germany still refuse this solution. This is due to their lack of vision, their lack of competence and their lack of political courage. This penalizes all European citizens and undermines their economic and security interests

Week 13, Year 2021

Migration policy and the demographic problem of Europe.

Migration policy cannot come under the national competence of each European state alone because of the very important European economic and human interdependence. The single European market, the free movement of people in Europe and Schengen make national migration policies ineffective and a European migration policy must therefore be put in place.

But as each European state remains sovereign over major issues, and therefore necessarily with regard to its migration policy and border control, European migration policy must be conducted by coordinating and supporting the action of European states, without power. replace their action.

This poses considerable problems.

For example, countries of entry which are only transit countries for migrants because they are the least wealthy have no interest in retaining migrants on their soil and therefore do not seek to protect their borders effectively, which makes them less wealthy. pushes not to entrust the protection of their border to Frontex, except in a marginal way.
The countries of destination, for their part, seek to protect their borders against flows from southern European countries and therefore do not want to entrust Frontex, which is an ineffective party, with the protection of European borders. by giving up the possibility of controlling their borders with police forces.

Frontex cannot therefore replace the national border police forces because each State wants to retain control of its borders and its migration policy. The 10,000 Frontex personnel, 2/3 of whom are made available by the Member States, cannot replace the 50,000 police officers serving the national states and who guarantee their territorial sovereignty.

There is also the problem of asylum which leads to numerous abuses and an increase in illegal immigration. The right to asylum must be more specific and is mainly limited to persecution. It must also be harmonized to avoid the right of asylum tourism in Europe and it must be better organized not to allow asylum seekers to disappear in the territory.
There is also a labor problem. This immigration must be more targeted for all European countries in order to avoid the entry of unskilled migrants who sometimes are not looking for work.
There is also the problem of student immigration, which must be intensified to attract talent, including to the countries of origin of migrants, in order to encourage these countries to take back their illegals and control their emigration.
Finally, there is the problem of family reunification, the current impact of which does not seem enormous. Family reunification must be taken into account to measure the impact on the European population mix, between recent migrants, recent citizens and established citizens.
Harmonization of European policies in all these areas cannot be achieved until there is a federal European government with significant legislative, incentive and communication resources.

The support powers of the European Union in the field of migration and borders only make it possible to coordinate the actions of the Member States, to network their administrations and to provide additional funding. It is better than nothing, but it does not make it possible to conduct a uniform and therefore effective European migration policy.

One of the objectives of European migration policy must be to keep the level of immigration at the current and low level.
Migration at a current and low level makes it possible to maintain the number of Europeans by filling the deficit in the demographic balance. If fertility and the demographic balance go up, then it will also be possible to increase the level of immigration so that the Europe is increasing its population, which is an advantage for growth and innovation, although it is not the only one.

This is also necessary given the difficulties of integration for a small part of the migrants,

To succeed in limiting immigration, it is necessary to conclude immigration agreements with the country of origin, with third countries (Turkey, Libya ...), it is necessary to conduct a single European migration policy and it is necessary to control the borders in a centralized manner. This requires the creation of a European federal government responsible for its immigration policy and the protection of its borders.
The Franco-German government cannot be responsible for migration policy in Europe because it is the Schengen area and European migration agreements that remain the most effective in the absence of a European immigration policy and single borders for all. European countries. It is only when the vast majority of European countries have been integrated into the European federal state that immigration and borders will have to be placed under the responsibility of the European federal government.

Is there a risk of war between European countries and of secession due to the migration policy that would be conducted by the European federal government? If we rule out the hypothesis of a totally lax migration policy which is no longer on the agenda, even in Germany, and if we rule out the hypothesis of a total closure policy which is not compatible with Realities, there is no reason to think that migration policy could deeply divide Europeans. The political and economic consequences of the question of the abolition of slavery in the United States were much more profound.

The ambitious family policy must be supported at European level to complete the migration policy, one of the objectives of which is to put an end to the negative demographic balance in Europe without modifying the major balances of the European population mix.

To boost the birth rate of European citizens, it is also necessary to conduct a proactive and ambitious family policy, by massively increasing aid for children, in particular by improving childcare conditions, facilitating mothers' return to work and strengthening the image of the mother in society.
Family policy will remain the responsibility of local European states
But unlike the European Union, which does not have powerful budgetary and legislative resources in key areas, a European federal government will be able, thanks to strong incentives, to effectively converge the family policies of the various European countries to obtain satisfactory results.

​The time has come to create a European federal government, starting with a Franco-German government, responsible for defense, diplomacy, industry, research and the environment. . While 30% of French and Germans are in favor of setting up a European government, and 30% are against, leaders in France and Germany still refuse this solution. This is due to their lack of vision, their lack of competence and their lack of political courage. This penalizes all European citizens and undermines their economic and security interests

Week 12, Year 2021

The problem of European fiscal policy 

A budgetary policy conducted on a European scale would make it possible to support European growth through consumer spending in a period of economic slowdown, as is the case in China and the USA. These countries have growth rates that are systematically higher than European growth rates. A European budgetary policy would also make it possible to increase investment spending in European projects, for example in the river, energy, digital, industrial or research fields to fill the European investment gap.

This European investment deficit exists because private capital is directed primarily towards public debt to the detriment of bonds or shares issued by European companies, which is one of the reasons for the low cost of public debt in Europe. European public investments would have the advantage of attracting private capital to companies by reassuring European investors whose risk appetite is low.

Unfortunately, the European Union and European countries currently do not have a fiscal policy. Each European country establishes and votes its budget independently and the EU budget represents less than 3% of the total public expenditure of European countries. Given the financial challenges and the political debate specific to each European state, no concerted and effective budgetary policy at European level is possible.

It is true that with the Coronavirus crisis, the EU borrowed nearly 500 billion euros but this European debt was authorized by the heads of European governments on an exceptional basis and only to face the economic and health consequences of the pandemic. Germany, Austria, the Netherlands or Denmark will not agree to renew this debt capacity when the health crisis is over.

To have a European budgetary policy, a European political institution must therefore become responsible for the areas that European states can no longer deal with alone, therefore for defense, diplomacy, industry and the environment.

This European political institution must have its own resources to finance its missions and the capacity to take on debt to finance investment expenditure, which will enable it to conduct an effective budgetary policy.

Where should the own resources of this European political institution come from?

A European institution responsible for questions of defense, diplomacy, industry and the environment needs a budget of around 1500 billion euros per year, as is the case in the USA.

This funding can come from tax revenues traditionally collected by federal states. income tax, corporation tax and customs duties. As the amounts collected in respect of these taxes will be higher than necessary, a retrocession to local authorities and local states will be necessary.

As a first step, the European federal government must not be authorized to create new federal taxes, nor be authorized to modify the base and the rate of these taxes without obtaining the agreement of the local European States.

The capacity to take on debt should be limited to investment expenditure to avoid a significant increase in the level of debt relative to GDP, which is detrimental in the long run for budget financing because of the cost of debt service. . But a budget surplus must be systematically organized and planned in times of economic growth in order to have funds capable of supporting investment and consumption in times of recession.

How can we succeed in creating a European budget to finance the missions that only Europe can effectively carry out?

Some believe that it is necessary to add specific resources to the current European budget (carbon tax, plastic tax, part of VAT, part of corporate tax) and that the development of this budget should be entrusted to the European Council acting by qualified majority, under the control of the European Parliament which does not have sufficient legitimacy on its own.

This solution is unrealistic. The citizens cannot agree to entrust a significant budget to an assembly of head of government irresponsible to the voters via the mechanism of majority decision. This institutional semi-federalism seeks to circumvent the difficulty of creating a democratic and responsible European federal government, but that is not possible. Tax matters like military matters are eminently political matters which can only be dealt with by a legitimate and politically responsible government, otherwise paralysis will manifest itself immediately.

The European Council should therefore be accountable to the European Parliament, but this is impossible because the weak legitimacy of the European Parliament does not allow it to challenge the authority of the heads of government of European countries. Even if the president of the European Commission which manages the European budget were accountable to the European Parliament, the European Council would remain a fundamentally irresponsible body. Its political and electoral heterogeneity does not allow voters to bring about a change of majority within the European Council, unlike what happens, for example, in the United States during senatorial elections.

We must therefore choose the path of political federalism, that which advocates the creation of a genuine European government responsible for major issues. This European federal and democratic government must be constituted with a few founding countries, at night France and Germany Such a government will have the legitimacy to manage an important budget and to decide on fiscal policy because its creation will have been approved by the European peoples and because he will be accountable to European voters. To say that the cultural differences, for example between French and German, do not allow the creation of a democratic European government is demagogic: the ECB constitutes a federal European monetary government where leaders from various European cultures work perfectly. This is also the case in Switzerland, Belgium, Canada, and in the European Commission.

There is also the specter of a possible European war of secession. It is true that this risk exists but it seems very low. There is no question on which the Europeans cannot agree, contrary to the immense economic and political questions that the escalvage problem generated in the USA.

We also hear that the referendum on the Euro was only approved by a narrow majority of French people and that a referendum on the creation of a Franco-German federal government would probably fail. This is to forget that the creation of the euro was not associated for the voters with any important advantage while all citizens immediately understand that a European federal government responsible for industrial, defense and environmental issues is an asset. indisputable for their security and for their prosperity.

What quality and price will the debt issued by the European federal government have?

Because of the size, competitiveness and diversity of the European economy, European debt will be of very good quality. In addition, geopolitical factors through defense and finally centralized, credible and effective European diplomacy will further strengthen the quality of European debt.

The cost of European debt should therefore drop significantly compared to the current cost.

This decrease would result in a significant dominance of public and private borrowing rates in Europe, which in the medium and long term may represent savings of several points of gross domestic product per year given the significant weight of debt service in the economy. European budgets and the size of the European bond market.

These significant financial savings will make it possible in particular to finance a significant European federal defense budget to give Europe the means to defend its independence, its commercial interests, its influence and its prestige, which always has significant economic and social consequences.​

​The time has come to create a European federal government, starting with a Franco-German government, responsible for defense, diplomacy, industry, research and the environment. . While 30% of French and Germans are in favor of setting up a European government, and 30% are against, leaders in France and Germany still refuse this solution. This is due to their lack of vision, their lack of competence and their lack of political courage. This penalizes all European citizens and undermines their economic and security interests

Week 11, Year 2021

Do we need a single European research policy?

The industrial growth rate in Europe is not good. This is the result of the absence of a European industrial policy capable of creating and supporting European champions and harnessing research results through successful industrial development. 

But as far as the research situation in Europe is concerned, it is often judged to be satisfactory. The reason for this are the many technological discoveries and developments that are taking place in Europe, be it in the fields of biotech, AI, nanotechnology, robotics, aviation or electromobility.

Still the reality looks different. The research situation in Germany, France and the EU: regarding publications and patents is worrying. And a single European research budget and policy would significantly improve this situation.

The situation is worrying, firstly, because scientific publications from Europe are on the decline. In 2000, 33% of the scientific publications came from the EU. In 2016 only 27%. In contrast, South Korean publications increased from 3% to 5% from 2000 to 2026.

Second, because patents originating in Europe are going back. In 2000, 35% of new patents were registered in the EU. in 2016 only 25% were registered in the EU. On the contrary, iSud Korea registered 1% of new patents a in 2000, and 6% in 2016.

Despite increasing research spending in EU countries, and high research spending as a percentage of European GDP, research results in the EU have deteriorated. It is therefore necessary to create an effective research system in Europe.

This can be significantly improved by a single European research policy.

A single research policy in Europe would allow clear priority in research directions, funding and human resources. That will show positive results through better performance and increased resources. When, for example, research funding and research development in different directions are subordinated in France and Germany, this cannot lead to very positive results. face the need of modern science and technology. In China, the technological gap is gradually being compensated for by centralized control of funding, human resources and research directions. That is also the case in South Korea. In the USA, federal research spending and federal agencies such as DARPA and BARDA steer research development through financial aid and preferential access to public markets in the USA and in countries affiliated with the USA. This enables the USA to have an effective research policy. This is impossible today in Europe because of the dispersion of research expenditures in the various Eu countries and the inability to guarantee preferential access to all European public markets for European products.

There is also the question of the EU's research policy. These resources drawn from European countries should create a kind of common European research policy through European research project and cooperation between European countries in research and development areas. But these policies do not provide sufficient coherence and efficiency for research in Europe because its resources are limited and its authority over the European states in the field of research does not exist. This is why the eu research policy is in part a cause of the fragmentation and efficiency problem of research in Europe.

Only a single research policy in Europe can effectively support research in Europe and increase the concrete results of research expenditure in the field of patents and publications. A single research policy in Europe needs a European federal government responsible for research, development, industry and partly higher education because such powers require high expenditure and clear political decisions. Research is an indefensible part of an industrial policy and must therefore be a part of the European industrial policy of the future European federal government.

The research and industrial situation of Europe forms a unit because of the strong interdependence of the Europeans in economic, financial, technological, cultural and population areas, which prevent each European country from developing its single research and industrial policy in an independent manner.

Week 10, Year 2021

Which political forces for a European federal government?

In order to create a Federal European Government, France and Germany must jointly establish such a government. After that, the other Eu countries can organize themselves according to this federal structure, as was the case after the establishment of the ECSC in 1952 (coal and steel union). 

That is why there must be enough political pressure in France and Germany to convince the governments of these two countries to build a core European government. Such political pressure can only arise through a united, coherent, credible, resolute and powerful pro-European political movement that can offer an attractive solution for Europe.

Without such a political force the usual politicians will never create a European federal government because that is politically too risky and diplomatically too difficult. This is the effect of weak european identity and awareness, which makes the political unity of Europe difficult. The European identity and awareness could quickly strengthen in the event of an internal political or social crisis within Europe or in the event of an intensification of external threats against Europe. But even under such conditions, a federal European political force remains of great importance and decisive advantage.

In order to exert political pressure over the political decision-makers, the opportunity to win elections must be present. Therefore a political program, a political ideology, a political positioning and a political structure is useful and necessary for the European federal movement

But from which political forces in Germany and France could the leadership, militants and voters come to form a united and credible federalist movement?

The social democrats offer characteristics that do not necessarily fit well with the idea of ​​a European federal government. The distrust of social democracy in view of European national identity, the distrust of the concept of power do not facilitate their striving for a European government. But the Social Democrats still want more European integration and want real European power. Therefore, the Social Democrats want a Europe that does not have a real identity of its own but is still strong enough. They prefer a kind of stronger EU without a European federal government, which is not possible. The will of the Social Democrats for a European republic and a European federal government is therefore hindered. In addition, many social democrats dislike authority and do not want a presidential or strong political regime for Europe, which can be dangerous for the cohesion and integrity of Europe.
 
The Greens are very much shaped by internationalism and ecological globalism, but a significant part can understand the need for a strong Europe to operate an effective environmental policy. They know that a European federal government would be more effective in fighting pollution and warming. But they are strongly influenced by the rejection of the concept of European power because of their global and environmental worldview. They are also very uncomfortable with the concept of the nation because of their strong globalism. That is why their striving for a European federal government is not strong enough.

The right nationalists and right populists are above all the protectors of national identity, national traditions and national sovereignty. That makes them incapable of wanting a federal government. But after the European government is consolidated they will be able to protect him as defenders of tradition, as was the case after the Italian unity. Much of the traditionalist and nationalist who defended the independence of the Little Italian States became staunch defenders of the Italian state and power after 1860, though often in an extremist and unreasonable manner.

The left populists (Die Linke in Germany, Front de gauche in France) want social equality in the first place and not a federal Europe. This social equality issue is so strong for them that the real conditions for the improvement of the social situation are not taken into account and the building of a European federal government is neglected. The topic of European political unification hinders demagogic speech because social equality is supposed to be achieved for the left-wing populist under all political circumstances. That is why the populist left political forces do not want to advocate a European federal government. But you have to take into account that the populist left is not against a federal European government in principle.

The conservatives want a real European identity and want a European power. But they often have difficulties in developing a real European patriotism, which is necessary for a European federal government, because they are shaped by German or French patriotism. But they do not want a Franco-German confrontation and that is why they will increasingly move in the direction of European patriotism and European power. That is why the Conservatives are one of the main sources of support for the creation of a European federal government and a European federal republic. They are also often positive about the concept of authority, often wanting a strong form of government, such as a presidential regime, which is important to effectively enforce social and foreign policy and to keep Europe together, on a territorial and social level.

The pro European liberals want an economically strong Europe and an open world, but they are first and foremost europeans and therefore also essentially European patrioties. This European patriotism is more economic and value-oriented than power-oriented, but the development of today's world, shaped by the power competition between states and the importance of industrial politics, will drive them towards power politics, with a specific sensitivity to economic, social and political freedom.

The Atlantic liberals are first and foremost liberals and libertarians who want an open world and do not feel strongly European. They feel much more western and global. Their goal is maximum economic competition with maximum social freedom and little state intervention and wealth distribution. That is why they are more supportive of the transatlantic alliances and they prefer a weak Europe, what the European Union offers. They love Europe as long as Europe is tied to the US and controlled by the US.

A real transnational German-French party and a German-French political foundation can best come into being with the will of some conservatives and liberals pro European leaders, militants and voters in Germany and France. These two countries are necessary and sufficient to establish a European federal government. A pro European Franco-German movement must be led by enlightened European patriots who are able to mix their European patriotism with common sense in order to win over a broad mass of militants. and to convince a large part of the voters.

This German-French federal movement should act on the local, national and European level, because all these levels interact. This is also the case with regard to the intellectual, political and social levels. Events, speeches and writings in all these 3 areas in France and Germany are important because they complement each other insofar as intellectuals and ideas have an influence on social mentalities and on political decision-makers. And population mentality and political decisions limit the effectiveness and sustainability of intellectual views.

That is why society, intellectuals, professionals, trade unions, athletes, etc. must act with or alongside the European federal movement.

One must also note that nowadays voters easily and often change their political orientation and it is easier to reach a political majority quickly, although such a majority is often not sustainable and stable enough. In addition, there are different political groupings in society and different currents in the political parties that offer a variety and gradation in terms of political options. Such groupings and currents facilitate the changes in political life in Europe.

But the decisive role of a coherent, disciplined and determined European federalist political party remains, despite all the participation of private individuals, social organizations and traditional political forces.

The similarities between Europeans are stronger than the differences between them considering the superiority of the Roman, Christian and Germanic cultural heritage over the local French, German, Italian and Polish cultures. That is the main reason behind the striving for European unification, which must now have a political character.

The time has come to create a European federal government, starting with a Franco-German government, responsible for defense, diplomacy, industry, research and the environment. . While 30% of French and Germans are in favor of setting up a European government, and 30% are against, leaders in France and Germany still refuse this solution. This is due to their lack of vision, their lack of competence and their lack of political courage. This penalizes all European citizens and undermines their economic and security interests

Week 9, Year 2021

Can we europeanize the Operation Barkhane ?

Operation Barkhane is not producing satisfactory results. Government stability and violence in the region are increasing. This undermines European interests in Africa and European credibility. in the world.
​
Given its history and its influence in the region, it was France which took the initiative to intervene in the Sahel to deny radical Islamists a rear base and to weaken their action in Mauritania, Mali, Burkina Faso. Faso, Niger and Chad.

Some are calling for greater European participation to share the material and human burden and to strengthen the means so that Operation Barkhane becomes a success.
But European countries will not participate in this operation, except in an anecdotal way, for two main reasons: the cooperative nature of European defense and the erroneous goal of Operation Barkhane.
First of all, the cooperative nature of European defense.
European defense is mainly limited to military cooperation between European states. This cooperation concerns 2 areas. external operations and joint production at European level of certain armaments. Some capabilities in terms of forces, logistics, training and command exist, but they are too weak to constitute a military defense organization comparable to NATO. Regular consultations between European headquarters and governments are also planned to harmonize strategic cultures and geopolitical conceptions. But these consultations will never be able to unify the military policy of European countries because they depend above all on the particular interests of each government, in particular electoral.

European defense is therefore essentially constituted by military cooperation between European states. This military cooperation suffers from the 2 flaws which still characterize cooperation between States. On the one hand, the lack of strategic unity of view and the absence of lasting political will. On the other hand, the lack of coordination of resources and the lack of pooling of resources at the operational level.
European countries are therefore not at all in a good position to intervene abroad. An intervention in the Middle East, in Central Asia, in the Russian world or in North Africa is impossible without American help.
European countries are able to intervene in the Sahel on their own because the region does not present any conventional military difficulty, even if European countries massively use American aid in terms of satellites and reconnaissance for technical reasons and a question of cost.
But given the divergence of electoral interests between European countries and given the absence of a federal European government responsible for defense issues, even a truly common European intervention in the Sahel is impossible.
The second reason which explains why the Europeanization of Operation Barkhane is not possible is the erroneous aim of this operation.
And the main cause of Operation Barkhane's lack of success is the erroneous purpose of this mission.
It is clear that the operation conceived and decided by the French government is not producing sufficient results. Terrorist violence and political instability are increasing in the 5 Sahelian countries. This also suggests that Islamist groups are actually strengthening themselves despite French military action which only manages to slow down the strengthening of these groups.
Denying a rear base to jihadists in the countries or regions of the Sahel and reducing terrorist violence there in the countries of the Sahel are objectives which cannot be achieved until the countries of the Sahel do not have the will and the ability to fight effectively against jihadist groups.
Only the countries of the Sahel can dry up the recruitment of radical Islamists thanks to more efficient governance and only the countries of the Sahel can control their territory effectively to thwart the action of terrorist groups. French and European forces cannot achieve this because they do not have sufficient local roots and because they cannot intervene in the Sahel for an unlimited period. because of the human, financial, material and media cost.

French and European military operations cannot improve the governance of Sahel countries and cannot control the territory. They can only ease the response of local governments in acute security crises, assist local governments as they improve their governance, train local military forces to improve their combat capabilities, and provide them with aid for military technologies. reconnaissance, intelligence and bombing.
The objective of the mission must therefore be to make local states autonomous in their fight against jihadism. This will also make these states more favorable to European interests and more permeable to European influence because they will depend on European assistance for a long time without provoking the anti-European reactions that direct interventions arouse.

The Sahelization of the conflict must therefore become the goal of the mission instead of being considered as one means of action among others.

But how to Sahelize the conflict?
On the one hand, by concentrating European and French efforts on equipment, training and supervision, even if we have to undergo some setbacks, so that the Sahel countries assume their responsibilities. To succeed in Sahelization, it is necessary to massively reduce combat missions on the ground, and to increase training missions while using targeted bombardments as massively and for as long as necessary, in particular to support the Sahelian ground forces.
European and French ground combat missions do not motivate local governments because these governments then rely on French and European military protection to do their work. On the other hand, targeted bombardments cannot be carried out by local forces and therefore must be carried out by Europeans, which gives a significant advantage to local forces while reducing European losses.
It is only if the local forces cannot prevent the seizure of power by the jihadists that we must intervene. This intervention, as a last resort, will also have to have political consequences, with the resignation of local officials involved in the failure of their country's security policy to encourage local forces to become effective and autonomous. Sahelian intervention with European support can also be carried out in countries bordering on Sahelian countries which do not agree to participate actively in the fight against jihadist elements and which therefore provide a de facto rear base for these elements.
Sahelization and therefore the localization of the conflict is a strategy that has a good chance of success. In Viet Nam, it was the decision of the American Senate in 1974 to cut off material and air support to South Vietnamese troops that allowed the nationalist communist forces to take Saigon in 1975. Without this decision of the Senate, the offensives of North Viet Nam could have been stopped as in 1972.
On the other hand, it is necessary to make contact with the less radical jihadist groups and close to regional ethnic movements. The real aim of these groups is not international terrorism but the improvement of their political position or the establishment of local autonomy. This will make it possible to consider a political solution with them to put pressure on governments which do not make enough efforts to fight jihadism effectively despite the assistance provided to them. Islamist governments are not all radical or jihadist governments. In countries with a Muslim majority, moderate or traditional Islamists sometimes fight jihadism as well as secularists, as the example of Morocco, Jordan and Iran shows.
Finally, the governance of these countries must be improved so that economic and social progress becomes a reality for the majority of the population, through roads, schools, hospitals and jobs. This will strengthen the regimes in place and it will prevent insurgents and terrorists from recruiting effectively. For this, a European and French technical and technocratic framework relating to the financial and material assistance provided to these countries must be put in place in order to fight against corruption and inefficiency, as the Americans did for the Marshall Plan.

To succeed in the economic and social aspect of the operation, it is important not to confuse social progress and political development, which are not always linked. If one seeks to strengthen representative democracy while improving social progress, one is dividing one's forces and running the risk of missing out on social progress, which is the main objective for strengthening political stability in the region. One of the major reasons for the American failure in Vietnam was the American-backed coup against Diem in 1963 to improve democratic life in the country. The overthrow of Diem discredited the government of South Vietnam, it created chronic political instability in South Vietnam, it increased the corruption of the South Vietnamese government, and it increased the motivation and self-confidence of the Nationalist Communists.
Support for jihadists from abroad is weak. There is therefore no reason for the local forces not to be able to face these insurgencies and terrorist movements on their own if they have air and material support from the Europeans and the French and if they are strongly encouraged to take charge of themselves. .
This realistic and effective policy of Sahelization must be accompanied by further Europeanization. .
No European country wants to participate decisively in an operation that does not work. Adding European means to support Operation Barkhane will not make the mission successful because the causes of the operation's lack of effectiveness are not addressed.

It is only if Operation Barkhane is likely to succeed that Europeans will be able to participate in it in a meaningful way.
But that will not be enough to create a truly European operation.
Once the objective and the strategy of Operation Barkhane have been correctly defined, it will also be necessary to set up an effective European defense to have the will and the means to set up a European operation.
And to have an effective European defense, a European political will is needed and therefore a European government. France alone will not be able to ensure the success of the military file and the civilian file of this operation, which covers a territory larger than Europe, on which nearly 100 million inhabitants live.

​The time has come to create a European federal government, starting with a Franco-German government, responsible for defense, diplomacy, industry, research and the environment. . While 30% of French and Germans are in favor of setting up a European government, and 30% are against, leaders in France and Germany still refuse this solution. This is due to their lack of vision, their lack of competence and their lack of political courage. This penalizes all European citizens and undermines their economic and security interests

Week 8, Year 2021 

Is European federalism a new idea ? 
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Robert Schuman's goal was to create a European federation, Jean Monnet campaigned for the United States of Europe, Konrad Adenauer supported the European Defense Community and the federalization of the European Commission.
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The will to create a European federal government was therefore the main cause of European construction and it remains today a necessary goal so that peace, efficiency and power finally characterize European civilization.
The builders of Europe knew that cooperation between European states did not make it possible to obtain sufficient economic and security results, even if this cooperation was useful in facilitating the achievement of European federal unity.
They also knew that France, despite its nominal victory in 1945 and despite its nuclear armament, could not convince Germany to replace American military protection with French military protection. Only the USA are capable of effectively defending European territory at the conventional and nuclear level and only the USA can give an orientation to the defense of Europe thanks to its diplomatic and military power. They therefore knew that Europe could not be ruled and pacified by France.
This is why they believed that NATO would remain useful as long as Europeans did not have a federal government responsible for defense matters. But, obviously, dependence on American power through NATO prevents Europeans from properly defending their industrial, commercial, financial and diplomatic interests against the United States. and also vis-à-vis other powers.
Cooperation between European states supported by the EU has reached its limits. It no longer allows for progress in integration. It no longer makes it possible to produce satisfactory economic, industrial, social and security results because of the increasing interdependence between European countries and because of the emergence of numerous and powerful economic and political rivals. The slowdown in growth, the slowdown in innovation and the decline in the international influence of European countries shows it every day.

We must therefore move to the federal stage. This requires a federal jump. But this federal jump will not be new.
Let us not forget that the creation of the High Authority for Coal and Steel, by Robert Schuman also constituted a federal leap because coal and steel were after the war economically and militarily decisive for national independence. The management of coal and steel production therefore had to be supervised by a European political authority. It was therefore necessary to create a European federal government to steer the ECSC in a democratic manner. This was done with the creation of the Common Assembly of the ECSC. But it was also necessary to extend the authority of this Assembly to other important areas of European public life such as defense, diplomacy, and industry because it is difficult to federalize coal and steel without federalizing these other important areas. This is why the creation of the European federal government was planned as early as 1952, with the Brentano project.
Unfortunately, the creation of the European federal government failed for two reasons. First of all because of the inability of the French patriots to understand that the only real sovereignty after the Second World War is European sovereignty, given the power and the American influence in Europe. Sovereignty being the ability to act durably and powerfully, only a central and federal European government can give it a reality and therefore provide Europeans with strategic autonomy. Then, the creation of the European federal government also failed because of the incapacity of Europhiles to understand that only an independent Europe, and in particular independent of the USA, can be accepted by the French patriots.

If today France and Germany decided to pool their electricity production under an independent European authority, that would constitute a leap of a federal nature. We should quickly set up an elected authority to steer this European authority and we should place under European control defense, diplomacy and industrial policy because we cannot entrust energy policy to Europe and continue to make a policy. military, foreign policy and industrial policy at the local national level.
A federal jump similar to that of 1952 is necessary today. But for this federal leap to succeed, Europeans must be convinced that only federalism can provide real sovereignty and can accelerate economic growth in Europe. Otherwise we run the risk of failing because of the position of patriots and because of the lack of will of sovereignty of the Europhiles, as in 1952.
To make the federal leap that Europe needs, we will therefore need a European government capable of ensuring the real sovereignty of Europeans and their prosperity. For this a republican and federal European constitution is essential. And to have a European federal and republican constitution, we must necessarily appeal to the European peoples.
We remember the referenda on the ratification of the European constitution in 2005. These referendums gave a negative response in France and the Netherlands. The European constitution of 2005 was rejected for 2 reasons. First of all because this constitution was not a real constitution since it did not provide for the creation of a federal European Republic. We cannot ask the people to approve a text that is misleading. Then because this so-called constitution was not clear and was too technical. We cannot ask citizens to approve an incomprehensible text.
It is therefore possible to obtain the agreement of European citizens if the proposed constitutional text is clear and if it makes it possible to create a strong and federal European Republic.
But to convince European citizens, the ratification process must also be realistic. We must therefore found the European Republic with as few countries as possible. We can found this federal republic with France and with Germany, so that this creation becomes easier; faster and more concrete. Of course, this Franco-German European Republic will aim to welcome new members very quickly, such as the Benelux, Italy, Poland, Spain, etc.
For the creation of the European Republic to obtain the support of European citizens, the creation of the European Republic must also provide concrete benefits to citizens while guaranteeing the sovereignty of each local national European state for areas that are not federated. It will therefore be necessary to limit the powers of the European Federal Republic to 4 major subjects. Industry, environment, defense and diplomacy, with the necessary budget. Once the European federal government has proved its worth, it will be possible to gradually add certain other areas such as research, part of infrastructure, part of higher education.
All political forces and all social organizations in Europe can support this great European political project. But it will take coherent pro-European and pan-European political forces to make it known, to disseminate it and to impose it in the public debate and to obtain the support of the European peoples.
There are two main breeding grounds for these pan-European political forces. On the one hand the pro Europeans who accept the notion of strong European power and on the other hand the patriots who accept the idea of ​​European patriotism.

It is not possible to create a federal government clandestinely without consulting the peoples, but neither is it possible to create a European federal government at once with all the European peoples and for all subjects.
Some pessimistic European minds continue to think that federalism does not suit Europeans. They claim that Europeans do not form a people so as not to embark on the path of federalism.
If Europeans are not a diverse but coherent people like the Swiss, why do all citizens of European countries feel European and why 55% of Europeans wanted the United States of Europe in 1985?​

The time has come to create a European federal government, starting with a Franco-German government, responsible for defense, diplomacy, industry, research and the environment. . While 30% of French and Germans are in favor of setting up a European government, and 30% are against, leaders in France and Germany still refuse this solution. This is due to their lack of vision, their lack of competence and their lack of political courage. This penalizes all European citizens and undermines their economic and security interests. ​

Week 7, Year 2021

Should Europe ally itself with the USA, with Russia or with China?
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China will soon outclass the US militarily, economically and financially.
It has forged a lasting alliance with Russia, which strengthens its influence over European countries.
What should Europe do in this situation?
Some want to perpetuate and strengthen the alliance with the United States to better contain China. They also believe that this is necessary to spread democracy in the world. Such an alliance would put an end to China's diplomatic, economic and military expansionism and thus guarantee peace.

This is unrealistic. Even a democratic China will continue its diplomatic and military expansion. Democracies also seek to expand their influence and start wars. The US has started wars against Canada, Mexico, Spain, the Philippines and Iraq. The democratic United Kingdom and France started the colonial wars in the 19th century and the 20th century, and military interventions in 1956 in Egypt and in 2011 in Libya.
Moreover, the democratization of China is very unlikely to happen, for 3 reasons. First of all, the cultural distance. The Chinese place the community well before the individual, which limits the attractiveness of liberal democracy. Then the historical legitimacy of the Chinese Communist Party through its victory over the Japanese and the nationalists. Finally, the economic, health, technological and military efficiency of the Chinese government.

The alliance with USA. has major drawbacks. First of all the slowing down or the impossibility of making the political unity of Europe because the American elites believe that a federal and independent Europe represents a threat to the power of the United States. Then industrial vassalization thanks to the systems of sanctions and commercial and legal pressures of the American government.
Then the risk of war with China, and the inability to contain China in Africa, Russia and Central Asia due to the lack of European power in these areas. And finally the long-term weakening of American power because a Europe ally of the United States and vassalized will not be able to make the United States understand that their interests are to gradually withdraw from the Far East to concentrate their resources on Guam , Papua, Australia, New Zealand and Latin America. Otherwise the US will exhaust its diplomatic, budgetary and military resources for the defense of Taiwan, South Korea and Japan and it will be financially, commercially and diplomatically overtaken by China in Latin America.
Others want to create an alliance with Russia to form a Europe independent of the USA and conservative
The alliance with Russia does not make it possible to achieve the political unity of Europe because Russia and Europe constitute 2 different civilizations with divergent political traditions, social organizations and degrees of economic development.
Moreover, the alliance with Russia will handicap and slow down the political unity of Europe because some of the Russian leaders prefer a divided Europe in which Russia can retain an important place.
Still others want to forge an alliance with China to benefit from the support of the world's leading financial power and to counterbalance American power and Russian power.
But an alliance with China has major drawbacks. the inability to properly defend the European industrial fabric in the face of increasingly strong Chinese competition, especially in sectors currently owned by German industry, the risk of being drawn into a war with the United States by Chinese interests in Far East, Chinese domination in Africa, Russia, Central Asia, India and therefore the world domination of China.
If Europe raises the question of alliances, it is because it is weak. The EU is not a power that counts and the European states are not capable of carrying out a power policy individually because of their strong interdependence, their lack of critical size and their strategic dependence on the USA, which in fact controls the defense of Germany.

To speak of European power while rejecting the notion of a European federal government and a European nation is a mistake. Europe's weakness at the commercial, diplomatic and military level vis-à-vis other powers and with regard to growth and innovation shows this. Even European soft power based on human rights, respect for the environment and intellectual freedom cannot be taken seriously as long as European military and financial hard power is absent.
It is true that some put up with European weakness. They use the notion of power differently by claiming that a new form of power, weak and gentle like the EU, would be best suited for the 21st century. Can we really believe this fable when we see the poor performance of European countries for influence, security and growth? Can we believe it today with the emergence of many dominant global and regional powers, such as China, the USA, Russia, India, Iran, Turkey, Saudi Arabia etc ... which represent more than 50% of the world's economic output? Those who want a weak and gentle Europe forget that no power could ever exist without hard power and without central government (federal or unitary). So they claim that the world is in a radically new situation. Multilateralism will succeed in resolving conflicts of interest and the climate emergency will force the governments of the world to ally themselves, But they forget that multilateralism only dampens conflicts as the WTO shows in erasing them and that the Climate emergency that has existed for decades has not reduced geopolitical tensions.

In reality, the utopia of a powerful Europe because of its weakness is made to mask the serious problems in the political organization of Europeans. This utopia allows incompetent politicians to keep their small power which functions in the last analysis thanks to American protection of the EU and European countries,
Only the weak need permanent allies. These permanent allies are in fact protectors who necessarily demand a commercial, financial, diplomatic or military price for their protection. To escape the serious drawbacks of alliances with the USA; with Russia or with China, Europe must become strong. Europe cannot be strong if it does not have a federal government capable of conducting a credible economic and foreign policy to defend European interests and European humanist values. We must therefore create a European hard power, by creating a central European federal government responsible for industry, defense, research and the environment.
European interests will be properly defended when Europe is able to relaunch its growth, innovation and influence at its borders.
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European values ​​will be properly defended if European humanism is understood correctly. Humanism has a political component that corresponds to the quest for social progress. It also has an individual component which corresponds to human rights (civil liberty, security, property, equal opportunities). which goes beyond humanitarian rights which are limited to questions of survival. But humanism does not concern the form and nature of political institutions, even if the European political tradition is obviously constituted by the regime of representative democracy.
The European federal government can be created, provided it is created gradually. We must therefore start by creating a Franco-German government responsible for 4 specific areas: defense, diplomacy, industry and the environment. This constitutes an attractive and realistic political proposal that the majority of French and German people are likely to support given the very important advantages that this European government will provide for the prosperity and for the influence of European citizens.

The time has come to create a European federal government, starting with a Franco-German government, responsible for defense, diplomacy, industry, research and the environment. . While 30% of French and Germans are in favor of setting up a European government, and 30% are against, leaders in France and Germany still refuse this solution. This is due to their lack of vision, their lack of competence and their lack of political courage. This penalizes all European citizens and undermines their economic and security interests. 

Week 6, Year 2021

The crisis of democracy in Europe

The crisis of confidence between European citizens and their political institutions is serious.

Less than 40% of citizens in Europe trust their national political institutions or the European Union.

This is first of all the consequence of the lack of efficiency of the political organization of Europe. European states are not capable of conducting industrial, foreign and environmental policies on their own and the cooperation organized by the European Union is not producing sufficient results.

But this crisis of confidence is also the consequence of the ineffectiveness of each European democratic regime.

Finally, it is the consequence of the lack of knowledge in Europe of the basic principles allowing democratic institutions to function properly. Failure to recognize these principles undermines the legitimacy of representative democracy.

To restore trust between the people and their institutions, it is therefore necessary to explain how representative democracy really works. This will also help restore the effectiveness of democratic institutions.

Democracy works first of all through the mechanism of representation
This mechanism is limited by the mechanism of the participation of political parties, civil society, businesses, media, citizens.

Representation allows the sovereign, that is to say the nation, to entrust power to its representatives. In democracy, it is the nation which is sovereign and not the People because there are constitutional principles that the People cannot change in practice. These are mainly the principles of national independence and human rights. These constitutional principles are binding on the People and are valid within a national framework. We can therefore qualify them as national principles.

In addition, the nation is a human, cultural, territorial and historical reality which allows the People to exist and perpetuate themselves and not the other way around.

Sovereignty is therefore national and not popular. The people express the will of the nation on condition that they respect national principles.

The mechanism of representation therefore consists in representing the people within the framework of national sovereignty in order to exercise power.

In democracy the faculty of representation is given by popular election.

But why don't the people directly exercise power? Because it is impossible. First of all for reasons of competence. In complex societies, each individual and each class has professional or personal know-how which is essential to act effectively. This is true for business, for the military, for science but also for monetary policy, for fiscal policy, for industrial policy, for trade policy, for military policy and for foreign policy.

People's power is also impossible for organizational reasons. If citizens were to vote on all political issues, at least one referendum would have to be held per day. This would naturally lead to the paralysis of political action.

Representation is a vertical mechanism that places the direction of political action primarily in the hands of federal, state and local governments, to enable them to act.

The absence of the possibility of direct democracy does not prevent the establishment of participatory institutions. These participatory institutions (petitions, popular initiatives, lobbies) allow civil society and the media to participate in a subsidiary way in the political decision-making process,

But we must not fall into participatory democracy which blocks government action by the permanent desire to limit the powers of those in power, in particular by promoting the instability and weakness of the executive power with a parliamentary regime. However, the parliamentary or semi-parliamentary regime is the most widespread form of political regime in Europe. It is characterized by the active participation of political parties and by the temporary coalitions that these parties decide to form.

It is important to restore the primacy of the mechanism of representation of power over the mechanism of party participation so that democracy becomes effective again in the face of authoritarian regimes,

The mechanism of representation is better guaranteed with a presidential system because in a presidential system the president can act without needing the support of a political party or of a coalition of political parties which exercise legislative power. A president elected by universal suffrage is therefore freer and stronger to act even if he must have the support of legislators for the budget and for social issues. A presidential regime makes it possible to constitute a strong power. 80% of European citizens would trust a strong executive power.

Democracy also works thanks to the majority mechanism
This mechanism is limited by the compromise mechanism (separation of powers, independence of the judiciary, media prerogatives, rights of the political minority, control systems).

In democracy, political minority and so special interests can participate in public debate and government controls, but they cannot block government action.

The separation of powers, the independence of the judiciary and the freedom of the media are necessary to guarantee public freedoms, allow everyone to defend their legitimate interests and thus prevent the creation of an illiberal democracy.

But we must not fall into a democracy of opinion and compromise of political power with particular interests which does not allow for a policy in the interest of the community and which threatens national cohesion. However, many European democracies have become democracies of opinion and compromise, in particular because governments give too much space to the media and to particular interests.

To roll back the democracy of opinion and to ensure the primacy of the majority fact certain rules must be respected.

First of all, the convergence of views between the executive and the legislative must therefore be encouraged. This is achieved in particular through the synchronization of presidential and legislative elections. Then the preeminence of the executive must be ensured, in particular by placing the presidential election chronologically before the legislative election. Then the government must be able to conduct a criminal policy through prosecutors. It must also have the capacity to influence and enlighten public opinion through the media, as do political parties, big business and civil society. This is important to gain the consent and support of the people and the notables without whom it is very difficult to achieve results. It is also necessary to combat disinformation which uses falsification and to combat disinformation which uses emotions and superficiality, in particular to gain an audience.

Then we must abandon the idea that the free confrontation of points of view automatically produces the best possible solution and that the main role of institutions is to promote debate by setting up a deliberative democracy. Deliberative democracy is a form of compromise democracy but which stresses the importance of parliamentary debate, civil debate and citizen debate in order to reach a compromise.

This is unrealistic because each opinion does not have the same value and because each individual does not have the same capacity for analysis, synthesis and moderation in a particular area.
And also because only the result of reasoning is universal and indisputable. The direction and the depth of a reasoning are always relative because they vary according to the individuals, the cultures and the times.

It is nevertheless important to strengthen the compromise mechanism as regards the financing of political parties. In order to encourage the emergence of new and more dynamic political forces, political parties must be given the means to develop without necessarily depending on particular interests, in particular businesses and high incomes, who are the only ones able to finance currently gone. It would therefore be desirable for each citizen to have a budget of a few tens of euros per year financed by the European States and allowing citizens to financially help the political party of their choice.

European federal political institutions will have to take into account and reflect representative and majority realities in order to gain citizens' confidence, to function well and to deliver results.

It would be useful if the principles of representative and majority democracy, which are both effective and realistic, were transmitted through the school. This would make it possible to train European youth in civic terms and to combat the nationalist excesses and the anarchist excesses which threaten our societies.

​The time has come to create a European federal government, starting with a Franco-German government, responsible for defense, diplomacy, industry, research and the environment. . While 30% of French and Germans are in favor of setting up a European government, and 30% are against, leaders in France and Germany still refuse this solution. This is due to their lack of vision, their lack of competence and their lack of political courage. This penalizes all European citizens and undermines their economic and security interests. 

Week 5, Year 2021

Can we have an industrial policy without a European government?

Dear European citizen, dear member, dear sympathizer,

Along with fiscal policy (taxation, debt, operating and investment spending) and with monetary policy (short-term interest rates, fixed-rate loans and securities purchases), industrial policy is one of the three main instruments of microeconomic policy and macroeconomic policy and it allows for an economic strategy.

We often hear that European industrial projects can be achieved through cooperation between European governments facilitated by the action of the European Commission.

And one gives past examples (Airbus, Ariane group,) and future, (SCAF, Gaia project, batteries, Ground Combat system).

One thus claims to be able to do without a European federal government in order to conduct an effective industrial policy in Europe and in each European country.

As a matter of fact, the examples of European industrial projects are very limited in number and turnover. The European industrial policy of European governments does not produce satisfactory results with regard to the 2 main criteria for the success of an industrial policy: the creation of efficient groups, in the fields of the future and economic growth in Europe.
The poor European results according to these 2 criteria are easily explained if one examines the conditions which are necessary for a good industrial policy.

4 conditions are necessary to conduct a good industrial policy: 1 / political will, 2 / capacity for action, 3 / budgetary means 4 / technological organizational skills.

However, these 4 conditions all require a European federal government responsible for industrial issues.

1 / The political will necessary to make a European industrial policy is very difficult to obtain with several sovereign European States in industrial matters because each sovereign State each defends their particular industrial interests. And when sometimes two European states agree to create a European champion, the European Commission prevents the project because of its naive and unrealistic economic liberalism.
This explains, for example, why there is no European energy industrial policy: France is wrongly opposed to the German Nord Stream 2 project, which nevertheless increases European energy independence by diversifying the sources of supply. This also explains why there is no European railway industrial policy, no European digital industrial policy, no European telecommunications industrial policy, no European financial industrial policy, no European industrial armaments policy, no European automotive industrial policy, no European naval industrial policy, no European IT industrial policy, no European pharmaceutical industrial policy. It is true that there are sometimes certain European industrial projects, but there is no policy aiming at the creation of European champions, of large size, of intermediate size or of small size. These chanpöions of different sizes are the only ones capable of providing strong and lasting support to growth and research in Europe.

2 / The capacity for action to conduct a European industrial policy requires an efficient administration motivated by its political leaders, because these leaders are accountable to the citizens. We must also have the capacity to favor European companies with public orders, we must have the possibility of encouraging public and private partnerships, we must have the ability to quickly modify regulations and we must have the ability to set up efficient communication infrastructures in Europe. All of this requires a federal government.

3 / The budget necessary to carry out major industrial projects or to create European champions often exceeds what the European local states can finance alone or with the help of the European Union. Many projects cannot therefore be implemented, for example the European river transport network for goods or the massive electrification of national road transport networks and vehicles.

4 / The complementarity of technological skills is obviously much more important at the European level than at the local level, First of all for a reason of quantity: the number of industrial companies in Europe is much higher than in a single European country. But also for quality reasons. The qualities specific to each population in Europe generate the development of specific skills. When these specific skills are correctly grouped together in a well-organized company, success is often there (Airbus, Adidas, Spotify, ...). A federal European government is the only one capable of promoting and facilitating the grouping of complementary skills throughout Europe. A European federal government is also much better able to encourage and facilitate the regrouping of European companies competing but too small to face international competition.

It is true that Singapore, Israel and South Korea have implemented a small-scale industrial policy. But their economy is not highly interdependent with that of their neighbors on an industrial level, unlike European economies. In addition, their small size does not allow them to create enough champions to ensure their technological and military independence. So they still need to seek the protection of the superpowers and they have to pay the price. In particular, they are obliged to submit their foreign policy to the will of the superpowers in commercial, legal or diplomatic matters. And they constantly need to negotiate with the superpowers to ensure their security, to maintain their access to foreign markets and to secure foreign investment.

It is therefore essential for Europeans to create a European federal government responsible for industrial issues in particular. Only such a European federal government will be able to achieve industrial results which are essential to relaunch growth in Europe and to maintain the standard of living of and the level of social protection of European citizens.

​The time has come to create a European federal government, starting with a Franco-German government, responsible for defense, diplomacy, industry, research and the environment. . While 30% of French and Germans are in favor of setting up a European government, and 30% are against, leaders in France and Germany still refuse this solution. This is due to their lack of vision, their lack of competence and their lack of political courage. This penalizes all European citizens and undermines their economic and security interests.

Week 4, Year 2021

Atlanticism is a dead end

Dear European citizen, dear member, dear sympathizer,

The election of Joe Biden should reassure supporters of the Atlanticist status quo in Europe. Proponents of this status quo believe that the EU's weak confederal European institutions combined with US-backed NATO is the best possible system for Europeans.

The illusory nature of this stereotype, like all stereotypes, must be exposed in order for European citizens and leaders to become more successful through a more realistic worldview. A realistic view of things, and not an idealistic view, is essential to effectively face the challenges of our time.

The ensemble of the politically weak EU and the militarily strong Atlantic alliance can be described as an Atlanticist system.

First of all, it is indisputable that this Atlanticist system does not allow Europeans to properly defend their commercial and industrial interests against the USA. The USA uses its legislation to massively increase customs duties on European products, for vague national security reasons, and it uses its currency to very easily sanction European companies for geopolitical reasons. The USA have also decided to maintain their technological lead in digital and artificial intelligence. They do so with a powerful industrial policy favoring American producers and by using means of legal pressure to acquire European champions like Alstom or Technip. They also use their immense political, diplomatic and institutional means of pressure to handicap the European military industry, to encourage their exports of military equipment to Europe and to slow down defense Europe.

Then, the Atlanticist system risks dragging the Europeans into a confrontation with China. The US wants to maintain its diplomatic, economic and military influence in Korea, Taiwan and Japan in particular. They are using the Atlanticist system to drag Europeans into this struggle. But the interest of Europeans is not to support the USA in this rearguard fight. The interests of Europeans are to promote their economic interests in China, to maintain normal relations with China and to spread European influence in Russia, Central Asia and Africa.

The Atlanticist system also does not allow Europeans to embark on the path of federal political unification so as not to drop out scientifically, technically, industrially and militarily because the EU does not constitute a European government strong enough and efficient enough. NATO remains useful as long as the Europeans have not created their Federal Republic which alone could have an army to defend Europe.

But the desire to keep NATO forever runs counter to the spirit of European political unification, which must seek the independence and power of Europe.

It is important for Europeans to understand that they cannot count on the USA to ensure their security and prosperity in the medium and long term. The security of Europe's eastern border is not vital to the US. Even if they have made a commitment to defend this border via NATO, the USA will not want to defend at a high price for a long time Europe which is a first-rate economic competitor against the regional ambitions of Russia which does is not a major economic power.

The prosperity of Europeans is secondary to the USA: Even if the European and American economies are moderately interdependent, for trade and investment, the USA intends to strengthen its industrial base and therefore reduce imports from the United States. 'Europe. And above all, the European and American economies are increasingly dependent on investments from Asia and their trade with Asia.

The Democrats' policy will therefore not change fundamentally from that of the Republicans and Donald Trump, even if the speech will be nicer. Democrats have intervened in Europe since 1918 to ensure that no power can unify the European continent as this would pose a threat to the US. They opposed the Franco-German rapprochement in the 1960s for the same reason.

Democrats, like Republicans, will seek to increase the contribution of Europeans to their defense while maintaining American military supremacy in Europe so that they can defend American interests. They will do so by promoting the division of Europeans politically and militarily and via American arms exports to Europe which promote European dependence on the USA. .

It should also be understood that there is no point in trying to create a European pillar within NATO. This pillar will not be effective because the Europeans do not have the military capacities, the political will and the unity of decision to defend their eastern border or to intervene in the Middle East without the USA. In the absence of American power, which alone is capable of coalescing and providing decisive support to the 27 European governments, Europeans will remain paralyzed.

Some would nevertheless like to favor the Atlanticist system to contain Chinese power and to defend European values.

In reality, the Atlanticist system facilitates the expansion of Chinese influence in Central Asia, Russia and Africa because only Europe, by its position, size and potential power could balance the Chinese presence in these areas.
This system does not allow Europeans to properly defend their values. American values ​​and European values ​​are not identical when it comes to social protection, the death penalty and discrimination, which are major issues. Confusing American values ​​with European values ​​is a mistake which hurts Europeans.

To face the political, economic and military challenges of our time, the creation of a European federal government capable of ensuring its defense and security is therefore essential.

Week 3, Year 2021

European federalist ideas are advancing in enlightened minds and in the population. They are increasingly seen as those capable of providing effective solutions to the growing problems of European countries. More and more citizens know that cooperation between European countries supported by the European Union does not make it possible to conduct effective policies producing satisfactory results on major subjects, even if this cooperation is better than nothing.

It is now necessary to translate the European federalist ideas into the facts by choosing the method allowing to set up these European federal institutions which Europe undoubtedly needs.

Some people think that we must wait until the will of the European peoples is clearly manifested and that we can only then set up these federal institutions. They think that the populations in Europe will spontaneously show their will to create a European federal government. They are wrong. The creation of a federal government and the processes of political and national unification require the action of an enlightened and active minority capable of showing the way. This was the case in Switzerland in 1848; in Italy in 1860, in India in 1947 and in Europe in 1993 with the de facto creation of the federal European monetary government. The action of this enlightened minority is even more necessary when the feeling of belonging is still weak, as was the case for Switzerland, India or Italy and as is the case in Europe today. . For the USA in 1776 and for Germany in 1871 the feeling of belonging was stronger and the movement of unification from below more important.

Some believe that it is necessary to convince a group of European countries to decide by majority on the important questions, because this would be a preliminary and essential step to then create a directly elected European federal government. by citizens. They know that there will be no spontaneous generation of European federalism among the population. But they think that instead of proposing the creation of a European government elected directly by the citizens, it is easier and preferable to first set up a majority decision-making process for important questions (such as taxation and foreign affairs). This would make it possible to increase the efficiency of the European institutions and to prepare the spirits for the establishment of a sovereign European federal government elected by the citizens, since the European countries will have given up their sovereignty over the major subjects with the decision to the majority. But they forget that each European government defends above all its particular interests, in particular fiscal and electoral. Governments will therefore not agree to comply with the law of the majority on important matters. In addition, the peoples of Europe will not agree to give up their sovereignty over essential issues for the benefit of a European Council which is not directly elected by the citizens and which is not responsible to the citizens. not ask citizens to return to indirect democracy. It should be added that the majority decision system for important questions such as taxation or defense would not be efficient. The eurozone convergence criteria have been unanimously approved and yet they are generally not respected. This is the inevitable consequence of the absence of centralized European budgetary and military power. We cannot therefore rely on majority decisions to establish European federalism. For Europe to have an effective federal power center, sovereignty from local European states must be transferred to a European federal government for major issues.

Some believe that this European federal government will emerge thanks to the increase in the European Union's own resources. This increase would allow the commission to gradually impose its fiscal authority and to enable it to transform into a European federal government. They are wrong. The European budget is in constant decline, discounts are increasing, the debt contracted by the European Union is limited to the exceptional situation of the coronavirus and the amount of own resources coming from ecological and financial taxes do not exceed a few tens of billions of euros. . The European federal budget, to be efficient like that of the USA, requires at least 1.5 trillion euros to finance research, industry, defense, ecology and diplomacy. Federalism through own resources is opposed by almost all European states which refuse to share their fiscal resources for electoral reasons.

Finally, some believe that a federal government should be created with a small number of founding countries. This is the correct method. It consists of proposing to European citizens the creation of a European federal government with a small group of countries. This small group should be limited to France and Germany to begin with as this makes the task easier and more realistic and therefore more attractive to voters. France is the main European strategic power, Germany is the main European economic power. These 2 countries are sufficient to create a European federal republic responsible for major issues. This Republic must be democratic, liberal, social, representative and presidential, in order to have the stability and the strength necessary to defend the economic and security interests of European citizens.

As European civilization is marked by strong local identities and a history of conflict, a political force capable of bringing together the enlightened elements and overcoming local patriotisms by proposing a European Republic will be necessary. There are 2 main ideological sources for this force. patriots open to European patriotism, and Europhiles open to the notion of a power of Europe. There are 2 main geographic foci: France and Germany as founding countries. The task may seem daunting at first. But it is the first step which is always the most difficult. In reality, it is the groups in power in Europe which refuse to create the European Republic because it seems too risky to them and because it would make them lose their little power.

The time has come to create a European federal government, starting with a Franco-German government, responsible for defense, diplomacy, industry, research and the environment. . While 30% of French and Germans are in favor of setting up a European government, and 30% are against, leaders in France and Germany still refuse this solution. This is due to their lack of vision, their lack of competence and their lack of political courage. This penalizes all European citizens and undermines their economic and security interests.


Week 2, Year 2021,

Dear European citizen, dear member, dear sympathizer,

Allow me to wish you a very happy new year 20201 and the best possible health. I would also like to thank you for your interest in the ideas of FEDERAL EUROPE, for your support or for your remarks and comments.

This beginning of the year is an opportunity to review the action of European countries and the European Union for the year 2020. This report concerns the 6 main areas of political life in Europe according to the Eurobarometers: 1 / the economic situation, 2 / international influence, 3 / the environment, 4 / health, 5 / security and 6 / immigration.

1 / The economic situation of European countries has suffered a greater deterioration than in most other regions of the world.

This is mainly the consequence of the mismanagement of the coronavirus crisis and the absence of a European industrial policy. The generalized containment measures did not prevent a second wave, the European recovery plan is insufficient despite the intervention of the ECB. In addition, mainly national local industrial policies are not effective in producing European champions and in supporting research and innovation in Europe.

As a result, production in the European Union in 2020 fell by 7.6% with a decline of 5.5% in Germany and 9.8% in France. In the United States, the decline in production in 2020 is 4.3%, in Russia 4.1% and Turkey 5%. In China, production increased by 1.9%.

A dismantling of the EU and the euro zone in order to be able to defend only local national interests would further aggravate the delay of Europeans. It would also lead to an increase in the cost of debt in Europe, defaults in payments in most European countries and therefore a prolonged and severe recession throughout Europe.

With a European federal government, the economic situation in Europe would be much better. Greater European funding to support fragile economies via major European projects, a coherent European industrial policy and a less amateurish fight against the coronavirus would boost economic growth in Europe

The deteriorating economic situation in Europe has social consequences. The weak European growth leads to a gradual deterioration in the standard of living of Europeans, to an increase in short-time working, a decrease in purchasing power. As local European governments are not subject to a federal European government capable of regulating market forces, the deteriorated economic situation will also increase social dumping in Europe.

2 / The international influence of the European Union and European countries decreased during the year 2020 in almost all regions and on almost all issues.

The influence of Europeans is decreasing geopolitically.

In Ukraine, the Minsk 2 accords are still not respected and it is the United States which ensures the protection of Ukraine with arms sales and instructors.

The EU, France and Germany are unable to protect Ukraine.

A European federal government would be able to protect Ukraine. It would also be to guarantee the application of the EU-Ukraine association agreement for its economic part while allowing for a political and economic rapprochement between Ukraine and Russia on a fair and voluntary basis.

The EU and the European countries are very divided concerning the behavior to be taken vis-à-vis Russia concerning economic cooperation (Nord Stream N 2), political interference in Russia, the degree of European influence in the countries of the ex USSR, the issue of NATO expansion and the level of risk that Russia represents. They are therefore not credible partners for Russia. As a result, Russia remains focused on China as a priority.

Only the European federal government can encourage Russia to detach itself from China and draw closer to Europe.

The influence of France and the EU is on the decline in Libya, the Caucasus, Syria and the Eastern Mediterranean. It is Turkey supported by the USA and by Russia which increases its influence in all these areas. A European federal government would have the means to influence Turkey to conclude a fair agreement in the Eastern Mediterranean on the subject of maritime exploitation zones.

It would also have the means to conclude a mutual defense agreement in order to promote European interests in the Middle East and Central Asia.

The influence of the EU and European countries is almost non-existent in Iran, Pakistan and India. It is China that concludes trade and security agreements with Iran and with Pakistan. India continues to be isolated by Chinese policy in Burma, Nepal, Bhutan, Bangladesh, Maldives, Sri Lanka, Pakistan and on the Chinese-Indian Border.

Only a European federal government would have the means to conduct a policy of investment and military cooperation with these countries to prevent China from succeeding in dominating the Eurasian super continent and to replace the influence of the United States in this zone.

European influence is also decreasing in Africa to the benefit of China, particularly in economic matters but also in military cooperation, particularly in Kenya, Mali, DRC, Tanzania, Angola and in African regional security organizations. Only a European government can face China in Africa, which is seeking to secure its energy and mineral supplies.

The international influence of the European Union and European countries is also decreasing geo-economically.

The EU was forced to grant the UK access to its internal market without having to comply with European rules. This demonstrates the structural diplomatic weakness of the EU and sets a dangerous precedent which may lead other European countries to leave the EU.

The EU has concluded an investment agreement with China which goes in the right direction as it gives more freedom to European companies to locate in China, as it reduces technology transfers and because it tries to regulate labor forced and subsidies. But this agreement does not facilitate European exports to the Chinese market. In addition, it will allow the Chinese government to continue to control strategic Chinese companies and indirectly subsidize Chinese economic champions. Divided European governments could be put in competition with China to allow it to buy strategic European companies.

Only a European federal government could negotiate on an equal footing with China to facilitate European exports to China and to protect strategic European companies

The EU and European countries are still not able to respond to US legal and trade sanctions properly, especially after the WTO condemnation of Boeing, after the US sanctions adopted against the Nord Stream 2 project and after the extraterritorial sanctions against Iran.

Only a European government independent from the United States for its defense could retaliate and therefore dissuade the United States from taking trade sanctions against Europe.

Even if the international influence of the EU is not at the top of the concerns of European citizens, the influence of France for the French and the influence of Germany for the Germans remains an important concern, therefore completting european expectations regarding the influence of the EU.

3 / The coronavirus crisis in 2020 caused a temporary decline in CO2 and fine particle emissions, but this decline is misleading.

The electrification of cars and heating systems in Europe remains very slow. In addition, coal and gas will continue to be used extensively in 2020. EU environmental targets are therefore unlikely to be achieved.

The reform of the common agricultural policy of 2020 is insufficient, for lack of sufficient funding, to restore agricultural production. The agri-food industry is still not properly regulated in Europe, leading to an increase in diabetes and health spending.

Only a European federal government could initiate massive electrification of the economy through massive European infrastructure programs and clean up food in Europe.

4 / The quality of the health system in Europe in 2020 remained insufficient because some countries are not investing enough (Ireland, Slovenia, etc.) or are investing poorly. (France with too small hospitals and too large administrative health staff).

 This can have serious consequences for all Europeans because the Europe zone is a single health zone given the single European market and the intensity of trade and human exchanges in Europe.

In 2020, the member states of the European Union have decided to entrust the procurement of vaccines against the coronavirus to the European Commission in order to have greater purchasing power. It is a step in the right direction. But as the European Commission is not elected and is not responsible and as the local European states intervene to guide its action, the effectiveness of the European Commission is mediocre.

Only a European federal government could act effectively to protect the health of Europeans. And only a European federal government accountable to its voters and its people could have a truly effective medical procurement policy.

5 / Security in Europe in 2020 was penalized by the absence of a European intelligence service.

This greatly facilitates the action of terrorists because the internal security services of each European country do not have all the elements to identify terrorist groups. In 2020, there were 7 terrorist attacks in Europe, 0 in the United States, 0 in Russia and 0 in India.

Only a European federal government could create a European intelligence service and could conduct European diplomacy to eradicate terrorism on European soil.

6 / European borders were not protected against illegal immigration in 2020.

The European countries each defend their electoral interests. They are therefore not capable of dividing the illegals among themselves and of setting up a single procedure that guarantees the expulsion of those who do not obtain the right of asylum. It is Greece and Italy which must protect their borders and manage the refugees while the refugees mainly seek Germany, the Benelux and France.

Italy and Greece therefore have no interest in arresting illegal immigrants. This explains why, despite the efforts of Frontex, the number of refugees in Europe is much higher in 2020 than in the United States, Russia or India.

Only a European government could protect European borders and sharply reduce illegal immigration.

It should be added to this European balance sheet 2020 that in all Eurobarometers in 2020 we see a much higher satisfaction rate towards the ECB than towards the EU. This is due to the federal and therefore efficient character of the ECB, whereas the EU is an often inefficient confederal structure.

The ECB forms a European federal monetary government.

The time has come to create a European federal government, starting with a Franco-German government, responsible for defense, diplomacy, industry, research and the environment.
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While 30% of French and Germans are in favor of setting up a European government, and 30% are against, leaders in France and Germany still refuse this solution
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Week 51, Year 2020,

Dear European citizen, dear member, dear sympathizer,

Supporters of a confederal and weak Europe believe that Europe's role is above all to defend multilateralism and the environment.

They oppose the patriots in Europe and the supporters of a powerful Europe who believe that the role of governments is above all to defend the interests of their citizens and their country.

There are therefore two different conceptions of Europe.

The political division of Europe into small states interdependent for their security and for their growth and protected by the USA made possible the victory of weak and confederal Europe. Since Europe is not responsible for its defense, it gives up playing an important international role. But it finds compensation in defending global issues such as climate change and multilateralism

Such global questions never make it possible to conduct an effective policy for the defense of the interests of citizens if they are not accompanied by a policy of industrial, technological, diplomatic and military power.

Despite the victory of a weak and confederal Europe, the conception of Europe as a power has not disappeared.

Economic and military realities have led Europeans to set up some tools of European power such as the European Space Agency, Airbus, the European Central Bank, the common agricultural policy and the common commercial policy.

But these tools do not make it possible to properly defend the interests of European citizens because the essentials are missing, that is to say industrial policy, research, the army and diplomacy. These 4 sensitive areas cannot be managed effectively without the creation of a European federal government elected by the citizens because only an elected European government will have the fiscal resources and the legal authority required.

It is therefore logical that supporters of a powerful Europe become supporters of a political power Europe and European federalists. Supporters of a strong Europe sometimes tend to want a strong Europe economically but not politically. The intensification of industrial protectionism and eco-political or geopolitical pressures in all regions of the world will lead to a gradual abandonment of the liberal model of free global competition.

Patriots in Europe are today above all local patriots, that is to say French patriots, German patriots etc. They are not anti European and they are often conservative. They can become European patriots and therefore support the creation of a European federal government for two reasons.

First of all, because they are attached to the notion of patriotism and therefore they are not interested in the globalism of weak and confederal Europe.

Then the power of the big states like China or the USA forces them to give up their local national patriotism. France or Germany cannot properly defend their interests against these States. It is the USA which controls the defense and intervention capabilities of France and Germany. And NATO's protection remains useful in a politically divided Europe since the separated European states cannot defend themselves alone. It is China which decides if Germany will continue to have access to its internal market and which can put pressure on Greece. in Italy or Hungary to gain access to the European market.

Local national patriotism is therefore a historical dead end that is becoming increasingly unrealistic. This is the second reason why local patriots will need to direct their patriotism towards Europe, especially if they understand that local national cultural and state identities can exist within a larger European cultural and state whole.

In order to facilitate the transformation of the supporters of Europe as an economic power into supporters of Europe as a political power and in order to facilitate the transformation of local patriots into European patriots, it is necessary to mount the negative economic and security record of governments and parties which claim that it is possible to continue down the path of weak confederal Europe or to return to local national sovereignty.

This is what we will do at the start of 2021.

The time has come to create a European federal government, starting with a Franco-German government, responsible for defense, diplomacy, industry, research and the environment.
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While 30% of French and Germans are in favor of setting up a European government, and 30% are against, leaders in France and Germany still refuse this solution

Week 50, Year 2020,

 Dear European citizen, dear member, dear sympathizer,

There are several reasons for the political weakness of European federalist movements.

One of the most important is the lack of a realistic federalist strategy.

This absence discourages federalist sympathizers and federalist militants and it distracts them from European federalism.

A realistic federalist strategy requires 4 pillars.

First of all, it requires a realistic geographic strategy.

European federalist movements generally advocate the creation of a European federal government with 6 or 12 European countries to begin with or even with 27 European countries.

It is obvious that no citizen can believe that 6,12 or 27 European states will simultaneously decide to create a common federal government.

The first pillar of the federalist strategy is therefore to limit the creation of the European federal government to the two essential countries, France and Germany. Once the Franco-German federal government is in place, the federalist dynamic will take over the provincialism of some of the media and political personnel in Europe. The rest of the European countries will therefore gradually and inevitably join this federal nucleus.

A realistic federalist strategy then requires a realistic competence sharing strategy.

It is clear that European citizens will not agree to give up the sovereignty of their local national state for subjects which are better treated at local national level such as justice, police, social, education, health, culture. They will only very gradually agree to transfer part of the powers for which the federal government can act in addition (culture, health, demography, immigration).

The competences of the future federal government must be limited to the areas that the local European states can no longer deal with on their own and deal with very unsatisfactorily through European cooperation. Cooperation always suffers from a lack of strong will and clear direction.

The second pillar of the federalist strategy therefore consists in limiting the powers of the European federal government to defense, diplomacy, industry, research and the environment. These powers will be the exclusive powers of the federal government, financed by its own resources.

A realistic federalist strategy also requires a realistic political strategy.

Obviously the Europeans think that it is possible to have an effective Europe on major issues without a European federal government since only 30% of Europeans are federalists

Public opinion must therefore be enlightened so that the 70% of European citizens in favor of more Europe on major issues also become supporters of the creation of a European federal government. .

This gap is explained by the political propaganda of politicians who want to retain their power even if that power is ineffective. So they try to hide their poor results and their lack of vision. This gap is also explained by the propaganda of the European Commission and the European Parliament who also want to keep their ineffective power by masking their shortcomings.

The third pillar of the federalist strategy therefore consists in systematically showing the real poor economic, industrial and security results of the French government, the German government and the European Commission. This is in order to compare these bad results with the good results that a European federal government could obtain.

Finally, a realistic federalist strategy requires a realistic sovereignist strategy.

The conflicts between European nations and the often glorious history of France, Germany and European countries have produced an overestimation of local national sovereignty by Europeans which still plays a political role.

To overcome the resistance of the nostalgic local national sovereignty it will be necessary to respond to the legitimate need for sovereignty but by explaining that the sovereignty of the European government will be a real and effective sovereignty thanks to the power of Europe.

It will be necessary to say that the French and German sovereignty on the contrary are only theoretical and ineffective sovereignties because it is the superpowers which decide for the questions of defense, diplomacy and also more and more for the industrial questions.

It will also be necessary to explain that the European Union has no sovereignty since the inevitable divergences of interests and policies between independent States prevent any real sovereignty. Cooperation between European states supported by the EU does not produce European sovereignty but only provisional European coalitions of interests.

The only form of European sovereignty is European monetary sovereignty through the European Central Bank. This central bank is a federal-type institution because it is independent from governments. European federal sovereignty has already been partially established and this European federal sovereignty is working.

Under these conditions, it is certain that the good results in the essential areas of public life that European federalism can offer will be stronger than the nostalgic attachment to local national sovereignty.

The time has come to create a European federal government, starting with a Franco-German government, responsible for defense, diplomacy, industry, research and the environment.
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While 30% of French and Germans are in favor of setting up a European government, and 30% are against, leaders in France and Germany still refuse this solution. This is due to their lack of vision, their lack of competence and their lack of political courage. This penalizes all European citizens and undermines their economic and security interests.

Such a government will do better than the European Commission and better than the European Parliament.​

Week 49, Year 2020,

Dear European citizen, dear member, dear sympathizer,

Space is an area in which no European country can be effective on its own.

Space cooperation between European countries has therefore been set up with the European Space Agency and the company Arianne Group.

This space cooperation is useful but it is not enough. A single European space policy is necessary to be on the same level as the USA and China.

A single European space program would be much more coherent and more efficient because the specific space policies of each European country would disappear.

In addition, the budget of the European Space Agency is around $ 9 billion. The budget of the French space agency (CNES) is $ 2.3 billion. That of the German space agency (DLR for the space part) is about 1 billion dollars. The space budgets of all other European countries are less than $ 1 billion.

If the European space agency had all the space budgets in Europe, it would have a budget that increased by 50%, which is considerable

Communication, observation, navigation satellites and launchers would be more efficient and less expensive. Probes, exploration programs and anti-debris programs too.

To conduct an effective European space policy, we also need a European military space command to have a single European military space policy.

First of all because civil space and military space develop together and reinforce each other.

But also because today France is developing missiles, jamming satellites and patrol satellites alone. France alone will not be able to face Chinese or American power in space. They spend 10 times more in these areas.
In addition, Germany, like France, participates in the American military space force via the combined Space Operation initiative, but it does not participate in the military command of the French space. This strengthens American military supremacy and European dependence on the United States.

But for the European Space Agency to become the only space agency in Europe and for the military space program of all European countries to be led by a European military space command, a European federal government is needed.

Indeed, no national government in Europe will agree to completely transfer its sovereignty to a European agency for civil space and military space armament. And no European government will agree to partially transfer its sovereignty to an operational European military space command.

The international space cooperation of the European federal government will have to be mainly turned towards Russia and India, because these represent less powerful competitors than the USA and China.

What is true in space matters is also true in cybersecurity.

The European Union sets standards, makes recommendations and supports the cybersecurity efforts of European states with ENISA (European cybersecurity agency), Europol (European police) and Frontex (European border police). But each European state is responsible for its cybersecurity and therefore has its own cybersecurity services.

This obviously leads to a dispersion of human and material resources and therefore to reduced efficiency.

Only a European federal government could create a single European cybersecurity agency capable of competing with the cyber capabilities of China and the US.

And only a European federal government could conduct an industrial policy across the whole of Europe in order to bring out European 5G network providers to really secure European data.

A European federal government is therefore essential to conduct an effective space policy and cyber policy.

A European federal government must be a presidential type government.

To set priorities and hold them a presidential regime is preferable because the government is stable and more solid. A parliamentary regime is subject to coalitions of political parties, which does not allow a long-term policy to be pursued, as shown by the abandonment of the German nuclear program, the weakness of German industrial policy in the face of the progress of Chinese industry. or the weakness of the German army.

A European parliamentary system would be weak. Such a weak regime would make Europe, with its 500 million inhabitants, an ungovernable whole and subject to centrifugal and secessionist forces.

​The time has come to create a European federal government, starting with a Franco-German government, responsible for defense, diplomacy, industry, research and the environment.
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While 30% of French and Germans are in favor of setting up a European government, and 30% are against, leaders in France and Germany still refuse this solution. This is due to their lack of vision, their lack of competence and their lack of political courage. This penalizes all European citizens and undermines their economic and security interests.

Such a government will do better than the European Commission and better than the European Parliament.

Without a European government accountable to the electorate, Europeans will be fully vassalized by the superpowers. They will gradually be economically marginalized and will once again be exposed to internal rifts, fueled by powers outside Europe.

For the major subjects of public life (defense, industry, ecology, diplomacy, trade, research, demography, immigration, etc.), a federal European government accountable to the voters is necessary to obtain results. It is the model of the Europatriots which will produce a strong and independent Europe.

The confederal or semi-federal model of the Europeanists is insufficient and outdated.

A European government worthy of the name requires an administration and with military and budgetary resources and therefore a State. This federal European state is based on the European super nation also called European civilization. What is a civilization if not a great nation grouping together its small nations? Some civilizations are already united or almost united (China, India, North America, Russian world), others are not yet (Europe, Arab world, black Africa, Central Asia, Latin America ...)

The creation of the European government begins with the establishment of a Franco-German federal government, competent for all that France and Germany can no longer do alone, and which will be a member of the European Union. This will create a federal dynamic in Europe and allow the gradual incorporation of all European countries.

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